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Missing Screen Title

Each screen or activity in an Android app must have a descriptive title so users can identify where they are in the app.

WCAG Reference

Maps to: WCAG 2.4.2 Page Titled | Applies to: WCAG 2.0, WCAG 2.1, WCAG 2.2 Introduced in: WCAG 2.0 | Level: A | Read the official specification →

What this rule checks​

The scanner verifies that each Activity or navigable screen exposes a title through the android:label attribute, toolbar title, or accessibility pane title.

Why it matters​

TalkBack announces the screen title when a user navigates to a new screen. Without a title, users cannot tell which screen they are on, making navigation through an app disorienting and slow.

Common failure patterns​

  • activities with no android:label in the manifest
  • fragments used as top-level destinations without setting an accessibility pane title
  • dynamic screen titles that are set programmatically but omit the TalkBack announcement
  • toolbar titles that are set to empty strings or the app name on every screen

Remediation guidance​

  • set android:label on every <activity> in AndroidManifest.xml
  • for fragment-based navigation, call ViewCompat.setAccessibilityPaneTitle(view, "Screen Name")
  • ensure toolbar titles reflect the specific screen, not just the app name
  • test by navigating between screens with TalkBack to confirm announcements
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