Getting Started With Playwright Testing on Android Real Devices

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Playwright Android automation is supported on TestMu AI across Node.js, Java, C#, and Python. Run Playwright tests on Chrome for Android across 100+ real Android devices. This guide covers getting started with Playwright testing on Android devices on the TestMu AI platform.

Supported Versions

• Playwright versions v1.20.0 to v1.59.0 are supported for Android real device testing (excluding v1.54.0).
• Node.js uses the _android.connect() API. Java, C#, and Python use chromium.connectOverCDP(). All use stock Playwright packages, no custom forks required.
• Playwright v1.53.2 is currently supported for Playwright C# (for Android & iOS).

Prerequisites

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Set your TestMu AI username and access key in the environment variables. You can get your TestMu AI username and access key from your TestMu AI Profile > Account Settings > Password & Security.

Windows

set LT_USERNAME="YOUR_LAMBDATEST_USERNAME"
set LT_ACCESS_KEY="YOUR_LAMBDATEST_ACCESS_KEY"

macOS/Linux

export LT_USERNAME="YOUR_LAMBDATEST_USERNAME"
export LT_ACCESS_KEY="YOUR_LAMBDATEST_ACCESS_KEY"

Language-Specific Setup

Language	Supported Playwright Versions
JavaScript (Node.js)	Up to v1.59.0
Java, Python, C#	Up to v1.53.2

Node.js

Install the Playwright package:

npm install playwright

Python

Install the Playwright package:

pip install playwright

Java

Add the Playwright dependency to your pom.xml:

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.microsoft.playwright</groupId>
    <artifactId>playwright</artifactId>
    <version>1.54.0</version>
</dependency>

C#

Add the Playwright NuGet package:

dotnet add package Microsoft.Playwright

Run Your First Test

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Node.js

playwright-android-test.js

const { _android } = require("playwright");

(async () => {
  const capabilities = {
    "LT:Options": {
      "platformName": "android",
      "deviceName": "Pixel 5",
      "platformVersion": "11",
      "isRealMobile": true,
      "build": "Playwright Android Build",
      "name": "Playwright Android Test",
      "user": process.env.LT_USERNAME,
      "accessKey": process.env.LT_ACCESS_KEY,
      "network": true,
      "video": true,
      "console": true,
    },
  };

  const device = await _android.connect(
    `wss://cdp.lambdatest.com/playwright?capabilities=${encodeURIComponent(
      JSON.stringify(capabilities)
    )}`
  );

  console.log(`Model: ${device.model()}, Serial: ${device.serial()}`);
  await device.shell("am force-stop com.android.chrome");

  const context = await device.launchBrowser();
  context.setDefaultTimeout(120000);
  const page = await context.newPage();

  await page.goto("https://duckduckgo.com");
  await page.locator('[name="q"]').fill("LambdaTest");
  await page.locator('[name="q"]').press("Enter");
  await page.waitForTimeout(3000);

  const title = await page.title();
  console.log("Page title:", title);

  try {
    if (title.includes("LambdaTest")) {
      await page.evaluate(
        (_) => {},
        `lambdatest_action: ${JSON.stringify({
          action: "setTestStatus",
          arguments: { status: "passed", remark: "Title verified" },
        })}`
      );
    }
  } catch (e) {
    await page.evaluate(
      (_) => {},
      `lambdatest_action: ${JSON.stringify({
        action: "setTestStatus",
        arguments: { status: "failed", remark: e.message },
      })}`
    );
  }

  await page.close();
  await context.close();
  await device.close();
})();

tip

The timeout value specified in the Playwright configuration may default to 30 seconds on real devices. To set a custom timeout, add:

context.setDefaultTimeout(120000);  // Set your desired timeout value.

Run the test:

node playwright-android-test.js

Python

playwright_android_test.py

import os, json, urllib.parse
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright

def main():
    capabilities = {
        "LT:Options": {
            "platformName": "android",
            "deviceName": "Pixel 5",
            "platformVersion": "11",
            "isRealMobile": True,
            "build": "Playwright Android Build",
            "name": "Playwright Android Test",
            "user": os.environ["LT_USERNAME"],
            "accessKey": os.environ["LT_ACCESS_KEY"],
            "network": True,
            "video": True,
            "console": True,
        }
    }

    cdp_url = (
        f"wss://cdp.lambdatest.com/playwright?capabilities="
        f"{urllib.parse.quote(json.dumps(capabilities))}"
    )

    with sync_playwright() as p:
        browser = p.chromium.connect_over_cdp(cdp_url)
        context = browser.contexts[0] if browser.contexts else browser.new_context()
        page = context.pages[0] if context.pages else context.new_page()

        page.goto("https://duckduckgo.com", timeout=30000)
        page.locator('[name="q"]').fill("LambdaTest")
        page.locator('[name="q"]').press("Enter")
        page.wait_for_timeout(3000)

        title = page.title()
        print(f"Page title: {title}")

        try:
            if "LambdaTest" in title:
                page.evaluate(
                    "_ => {}",
                    'lambdatest_action: {"action": "setTestStatus", "arguments": {"status": "passed", "remark": "Title verified"}}',
                )
        except Exception as e:
            page.evaluate(
                "_ => {}",
                f'lambdatest_action: {json.dumps({"action": "setTestStatus", "arguments": {"status": "failed", "remark": str(e)}})}',
            )

        page.close()
        context.close()
        browser.close()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Run the test:

python playwright_android_test.py

Java

PlaywrightAndroidTest.java

package com.lambdatest;

import com.microsoft.playwright.*;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Map;

public class PlaywrightAndroidTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Map<String, Object> ltOptions = Map.of(
            "platformName", "android",
            "deviceName", "Pixel 5",
            "platformVersion", "11",
            "isRealMobile", true,
            "build", "Playwright Android Build",
            "name", "Playwright Android Test",
            "user", System.getenv("LT_USERNAME"),
            "accessKey", System.getenv("LT_ACCESS_KEY"),
            "network", true,
            "video", true,
            "console", true
        );

        Map<String, Object> capabilities = Map.of("LT:Options", ltOptions);
        String capsJson = new Gson().toJson(capabilities);
        String cdpUrl = "wss://cdp.lambdatest.com/playwright?capabilities="
            + URLEncoder.encode(capsJson, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);

        try (Playwright playwright = Playwright.create()) {
            Browser browser = playwright.chromium().connectOverCDP(cdpUrl);
            BrowserContext context = browser.contexts().size() > 0
                ? browser.contexts().get(0) : browser.newContext();
            Page page = context.pages().size() > 0
                ? context.pages().get(0) : context.newPage();

            page.navigate("https://duckduckgo.com",
                new Page.NavigateOptions().setTimeout(30000));
            page.locator("[name=\"q\"]").fill("LambdaTest");
            page.locator("[name=\"q\"]").press("Enter");
            page.waitForTimeout(3000);

            String title = page.title();
            System.out.println("Page title: " + title);

            try {
                if (title.contains("LambdaTest")) {
                    page.evaluate("_ => {}",
                        "lambdatest_action: {\"action\": \"setTestStatus\", \"arguments\": {\"status\": \"passed\", \"remark\": \"Title verified\"}}");
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                page.evaluate("_ => {}",
                    "lambdatest_action: {\"action\": \"setTestStatus\", \"arguments\": {\"status\": \"failed\", \"remark\": \"" + e.getMessage() + "\"}}");
            }

            page.close();
            context.close();
            browser.close();
        }
    }
}

Run the test:

mvn compile exec:java -Dexec.mainClass="com.lambdatest.PlaywrightAndroidTest"

C#

PlaywrightAndroidTest.cs

using Microsoft.Playwright;
using System.Text.Json;
using System.Web;

var capabilities = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
    ["LT:Options"] = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
        ["platformName"] = "android",
        ["deviceName"] = "Pixel 5",
        ["platformVersion"] = "11",
        ["isRealMobile"] = true,
        ["build"] = "Playwright Android Build",
        ["name"] = "Playwright Android Test",
        ["user"] = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("LT_USERNAME")!,
        ["accessKey"] = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("LT_ACCESS_KEY")!,
        ["network"] = true,
        ["video"] = true,
        ["console"] = true,
        ["playwrightClientVersion"] = "1.53.2",
    }
};

var capsJson = JsonSerializer.Serialize(capabilities);
var cdpUrl = $"wss://cdp.lambdatest.com/playwright?capabilities={HttpUtility.UrlEncode(capsJson)}";

using var playwright = await Playwright.CreateAsync();
var browser = await playwright.Chromium.ConnectOverCDPAsync(cdpUrl);
var context = browser.Contexts.Count > 0
    ? browser.Contexts[0] : await browser.NewContextAsync();
var page = context.Pages.Count > 0
    ? context.Pages[0] : await context.NewPageAsync();

await page.GotoAsync("https://duckduckgo.com", new PageGotoOptions { Timeout = 30000 });
await page.Locator("[name=\"q\"]").FillAsync("LambdaTest");
await page.Locator("[name=\"q\"]").PressAsync("Enter");
await page.WaitForTimeoutAsync(3000);

var title = await page.TitleAsync();
Console.WriteLine($"Page title: {title}");

try
{
    if (title.Contains("LambdaTest"))
    {
        await page.EvaluateAsync("_ => {}",
            "lambdatest_action: {\"action\": \"setTestStatus\", \"arguments\": {\"status\": \"passed\", \"remark\": \"Title verified\"}}");
    }
}
catch (Exception e)
{
    await page.EvaluateAsync("_ => {}",
        $"lambdatest_action: {{\"action\": \"setTestStatus\", \"arguments\": {{\"status\": \"failed\", \"remark\": \"{e.Message}\"}}}}");
}

await page.CloseAsync();
await context.CloseAsync();
await browser.CloseAsync();

Run the test:

dotnet run

tip

For Java, C#, and Python on Android, the CDP connection returns an existing browser context and page. Always check for existing contexts/pages before creating new ones, as shown in the examples above.

View your Playwright test results

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The TestMu AI Automation Dashboard is where you can see the results of your Playwright tests after running them on the TestMu AI platform.

The below screenshot of TestMu AI Automation Dashboard shows the Playwright build on the left and the build sessions associated with the selected build on the right.