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How to use __control_file method in autotest

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advertisement_scanning.py

Source:advertisement_scanning.py

1#!/usr/bin/python32# -*- mode: python; coding: utf-8 -*-3"""Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacon advertisement and scanning.4Execution of a BLE beacon for use in BWSI PiPact independent project. 5Configuration of beacon done via external YAML. Underlying functionality 6provided by PyBluez module (https://github.com/pybluez/pybluez). Beacon 7uses iBeacon format (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBeacon).8"""9import argparse10from bluetooth.ble import BeaconService11from datetime import datetime12from itertools import zip_longest13import logging14import logging.config15import pandas as pd16from pathlib import Path17import sys18import time19from uuid import uuid120import yaml21# Default configuration22LOG_NAME = 'pi_pact.log'23DEFAULT_CONFIG = {24    'advertiser': {25        'control_file': "advertiser_control",26        'timeout': None,27        'uuid': '',28        'major': 1,29        'minor': 1,30        'tx_power': 1,31        'interval': 20032        },33    'scanner': {34        'control_file': "scanner_control",35        'scan_prefix': "pi_pact_scan",36        'timeout': None,37        'revisit': 1,38        'filters': {}39        },40    'logger': {41        'name': LOG_NAME,42        'config': {43            'version': 1,44            'formatters': {45                'full': {46                    'format': '%(asctime)s   %(module)-10s   %(levelname)-8s   %(message)s'},47                'brief': {48                    'format': '%(asctime)s   %(levelname)-8s   %(message)s'},49                },50            'handlers': {51                'console': {52                    'class': 'logging.StreamHandler',53                    'level': 'INFO',54                    'formatter': 'brief'55                    },56                'file': {57                    'class': 'logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler',58                    'level': 'DEBUG',59                    'formatter': 'full',60                    'filename': LOG_NAME,61                    'when': 'H',62                    'interval': 163                    }64                },65            'loggers': {66                LOG_NAME: {67                    'level': 'DEBUG',68                    'handlers': ['console', 'file']69                    }70                }71            }72        }73    }74# Universal settings75BLE_DEVICE = "hci0"76CONTROL_INTERVAL = 1 # (s)77MAX_TIMEOUT = 600 # (s)78ID_FILTERS = ['ADDRESS', 'UUID', 'MAJOR', 'MINOR', 'TX POWER']79MEASUREMENT_FILTERS = ['TIMESTAMP', 'RSSI']80# Limits81MAJOR_LIMITS = [1, 65535]82MINOR_LIMITS = [1, 65535]83TX_POWER_LIMITS = [-40, 4]84INTERVAL_LIMITS = [20, 10000] # (ms)85ALLOWABLE_FILTERS = ID_FILTERS+MEASUREMENT_FILTERS86class Advertiser(object):87    """Instantiates a BLE beacon advertiser.88    89    Attributes:90        control_file (pathlib.Path): BLE beacon advertiser control file path.91        timeout (float, int): BLE beacon advertiser timeout (s). Must be 92            strictly positive and less than 600.93        uuid (str): BLE beacon advertiser UUID. Must be 32 hexadecimal digits 94            split into 5 groups separated by hyphens. The number of digits in 95            each group from first to last) is {8, 4, 4, 4, 12}.96        major (int): BLE beacon advertiser major value. Must be in [1, 65535].97        minor (int): BLE beacon advertiser minor value. Must be in [1, 65535].98        tx_power (int): BLE beacon advertiser TX power value. Must be in 99            [-40, 4].100        interval (int): BLE beacon advertiser interval (ms) value. Must be in 101            [20, 10000].102    """103    def __init__(self, logger, **kwargs):104        """Instance initialization.105        Args:106            logger (logging.Logger): Configured logger.107            **kwargs: Keyword arguments corresponding to instance attributes. 108                Any unassociated keyword arguments are ignored.109        """110        # Logger111        self.__logger = logger112        # Beacon settings113        for key, value in DEFAULT_CONFIG['advertiser'].items():114            if key in kwargs and kwargs[key]:115                setattr(self, key, kwargs[key])116            else:117                self.__logger.debug("Using default beacon advertiser "118                        f"configuration {key}: {value}.")119                setattr(self, key, value)120        # Create beacon121        self.__service = BeaconService(BLE_DEVICE)122        self.__logger.info("Initialized beacon advertiser.")123        124    def __del__(self):125        """Instance destruction."""126        if self.__control_file_handle is not None:127            self.__control_file_handle.close()128        self.__control_file.unlink()129        130    @property131    def control_file(self):132        """BLE beacon advertiser control file path getter."""133        return self.__control_file134    135    @control_file.setter136    def control_file(self, value):137        """BLE beacon advertiser control file path setter.138        139        Raises:140            TypeError: Beacon advertiser control file must be a string.141        """142        if not isinstance(value, str):143            raise TypeError("Beacon advertiser control file must be a string.")144        else:145            self.__control_file = Path(value).resolve()146            self.__control_file.touch()147            self.__control_file.chmod(0o777)148            with self.__control_file.open(mode='w') as f:149                f.write("0")150            self.__control_file_handle = None151                152    @property153    def timeout(self):154        """BLE beacon advertiser timeout getter."""155        return self.__timeout;156    157    @timeout.setter158    def timeout(self, value):159        """BLE beacon advertiser timeout setter.160        Raises:161            TypeError: Beacon advertiser timeout must be a float, integer, or 162                NoneType.163            ValueError: Beacon advertiser timeout must be strictly positive.164            ValueError: Beacon advertisertimeout cannot exceed maximum 165                allowable timeout.166        """167        if value is not None:168            if not isinstance(value, (float, int)):169                raise TypeError("Beacon advertiser timeout must be a float, "170                        "integer, or NoneType.")171            elif value <= 0:172                raise ValueError("Beacon advertiser timeout must be strictly "173                        "positive.")174            elif value > MAX_TIMEOUT:175                raise ValueError("Beacon advertiser timeout cannot exceed "176                        "maximum allowable timeout.")177        self.__timeout = value178    179    @property180    def uuid(self):181        """BLE beacon advertiser UUID getter."""182        return self.__uuid;183    @uuid.setter184    def uuid(self, value):185        """BLE beacon advertiser UUID setter.186        Raises:187            TypeError: Beacon advertiser UUID must be a string.188        """189        if not isinstance(value, str):190            raise TypeError("Beacon advertiser UUID must be a string.")191        elif not value:192            self.__uuid = str(uuid1())193            self.__logger.debug(f"Beacon advertiser UUID set to {self.__uuid}")194        else:195            self.__uuid = value;196    @property197    def major(self):198        """BLE beacon advertiser major value getter."""199        return self.__major200    @major.setter201    def major(self, value):202        """BLE beacon advertiser major value setter.203        Raises:204            TypeError: Beacon advertiser major value must be an integer.205            ValueError: Beacon advertiser major value must be in [1, 65535].206         """207        if not isinstance(value, int):208            raise TypeError("Beacon advertiser major value must be an integer.")209        elif value < MAJOR_LIMITS[0] or value > MAJOR_LIMITS[1]:210            raise ValueError("Beacon advertiser major value must be in range "211                    f"{MAJOR_LIMITS}.")212        self.__major = value213            214    @property215    def minor(self):216        """BLE beacon advertiser minor value getter."""217        return self.__minor218    @minor.setter219    def minor(self, value):220        """BLE beacon advertiser minor value setter.221        Raises:222            TypeError: Beacon advertiser minor value must be an integer.223            ValueError: Beacon advertiser minor value must be in [1, 65535].224         """225        if not isinstance(value, int):226            raise TypeError("Beacon advertiser minor value must be an integer.")227        elif value < MINOR_LIMITS[0] or value > MINOR_LIMITS[1]:228            raise ValueError("Beacon advertiser minor value must be in range "229                    f"{MINOR_LIMITS}.")230        self.__minor = value231    @property232    def tx_power(self):233        """BLE beacon advertiser TX power value getter."""234        return self.__tx_power235    @tx_power.setter236    def tx_power(self, value):237        """BLE beacon Beacon advertiser TX power setter.238        Raises:239            TypeError: Beacon advertiser TX power must be an integer.240            ValueError: Beacon advertiser TX power must be in [-40, 4].241         """242        if not isinstance(value, int):243            raise TypeError("Beacon advertiser TX power must be an integer.")244        elif value < TX_POWER_LIMITS[0] or value > TX_POWER_LIMITS[1]:245            raise ValueError("Beacon advertiser TX power must be in range "246                    f"{TX_POWER_LIMITS}.")247        self.__tx_power = value248    @property249    def interval(self):250        """BLE beacon advertiser interval getter."""251        return self.__interval252    @interval.setter253    def interval(self, value):254        """BLE beacon advertiser interval setter.255        Raises:256            TypeError: Beacon advertiser interval must be an integer.257            ValueError: Beacon advertiser interval must be in [20, 10000].258         """259        if not isinstance(value, int):260            raise TypeError("Beacon advertiser interval must be an integer.")261        elif value < INTERVAL_LIMITS[0] or value > INTERVAL_LIMITS[1]:262            raise ValueError("Beacon advertiser interval must be in range "263                    f"{INTERVAL_LIMITS}.")264        self.__interval = value265            266    def advertise(self, timeout=0):267        """Execute BLE beacon advertisement.268        269        Args:270            timeout (int, float): Time (s) for which to advertise beacon. If271                specified as None then advertises till user commanded stop via272                control file. Defaults to configuration value.273        """274        # Parse inputs275        if timeout == 0:276            timeout = self.timeout277        # Update control file278        with self.__control_file.open(mode='w') as f:279            f.write("0")280        # Start advertising281        self.__logger.info("Starting beacon advertiser with timeout "282                f"{timeout}.")283        self.__service.start_advertising(self.uuid, self.major, self.minor,284                                         self.tx_power, self.interval)285        # Stop advertising based on either timeout or control file286        start_time = time.monotonic()287        self.__control_file_handle = self.__control_file.open(mode='r+')288        run = True289        while run:290            time.sleep(CONTROL_INTERVAL)291            if timeout is not None:292                if (time.monotonic()-start_time) > timeout:293                    self.__logger.debug("Beacon advertiser timed out.")294                    run = False295            self.__control_file_handle.seek(0)296            control_flag = self.__control_file_handle.read()297            if control_flag != "0":298                self.__logger.debug("Beacon advertiser control flag set to "299                        "stop.")300                run = False301        self.__logger.info("Stopping beacon advertiser.")        302        self.__service.stop_advertising()303        # Cleanup304        self.__control_file_handle.close()305        with self.__control_file.open('w') as f:306            f.write("0")307            308class Scanner(object):309    """Instantiates a BLE beacon scanner.310    311    Attributes:312        control_file (pathlib.Path): BLE beacon scanner control file path.313        timeout (float, int): BLE beacon scanner timeout (s). Must be strictly314            positive and less than 600.315        revisit (int): BLE beacon scanner revisit interval (s). Must be 316            strictly positive.317        filters (dict): Filters to apply to received beacons. Available318            filters/keys are {'address', 'uuid', 'major', 'minor'}.319    """320    def __init__(self, logger, **kwargs):321        """Instance initialization.322        Args:323            logger (logging.Logger): Configured logger.324            **kwargs: Keyword arguments corresponding to instance attributes. 325                Any unassociated keyword arguments are ignored.326        """327        # Logger328        self.__logger = logger329        # Beacon settings330        for key, value in DEFAULT_CONFIG['scanner'].items():331            if key in kwargs and kwargs[key]:332                setattr(self, key, kwargs[key])333            else:334                self.__logger.debug("Using default beacon scanner "335                        f"configuration {key}: {value}.")336                setattr(self, key, value)337        # Create beacon338        self.__service = BeaconService(BLE_DEVICE)339        self.__logger.info("Initialized beacon scanner.")340        341    def __del__(self):342        """Instance destruction."""343        if self.__control_file_handle is not None:344            self.__control_file_handle.close()345        self.__control_file.unlink()346        347    @property348    def control_file(self):349        """BLE beacon scanner control file path getter."""350        return self.__control_file351    352    @control_file.setter353    def control_file(self, value):354        """BLE beacon scanner control file path setter.355        356        Raises:357            TypeError: Beacon scanner control file must be a string.358        """359        if not isinstance(value, str):360            raise TypeError("Beacon scanner control file must be a string.")361        # Initialize control file362        self.__control_file = Path(value).resolve()363        self.__control_file.touch()364        self.__control_file.chmod(0o777)365        with self.__control_file.open(mode='w') as f:366            f.write("0")367        self.__control_file_handle = None368    @property369    def scan_prefix(self):370        """BLE beacon scanner scan file prefix getter."""371        return self.__scan_prefix372    373    @scan_prefix.setter374    def scan_prefix(self, value):375        """BLE beacon scanner scan file prefix setter.376        377        Raises:378            TypeError: Beacon scanner scan file prefix must be a string.379        """380        if not isinstance(value, str):381            raise TypeError("Beacon scanner scan file prefix must be a string.")382        self.__scan_prefix = value383   384    @property385    def timeout(self):386        """BLE beacon scanner timeout getter."""387        return self.__timeout;388    389    @timeout.setter390    def timeout(self, value):391        """BLE beacon scanner timeout setter.392        Raises:393            TypeError: Beacon scanner timeout must be a float, integer, or 394                NoneType.395            ValueError: Beacon scanner timeout must be strictly positive.396            ValueError: Beacon scanner cannot exceed maximum allowable timeout.397        """398        if value is not None:399            if not isinstance(value, (float, int)):400                raise TypeError("Beacon scanner timeout must be a float, "401                        "integer, or NoneType.")402            elif value <= 0:403                raise ValueError("Beacon scanner timeout must be strictly "404                        "positive.")405            elif value > MAX_TIMEOUT:406                raise ValueError("Beacon scanner timeout cannot exceed "407                        "maximum allowable timeout.")408        self.__timeout = value409    410    @property411    def revisit(self):412        """BLE beacon scanner revisit interval getter."""413        return self.__revisit414    @revisit.setter415    def revisit(self, value):416        """BLE beacon scanner revisit interval setter.417        Raises:418            TypeError: Beacon scanner revisit interval must be an integer.419            ValueError: Beacon scanner revisit interval must be strictly 420                positive.421         """422        if not isinstance(value, int):423            raise TypeError("Beacon scanner revisit interval must be an "424                    "integer.")425        elif value <= 0:426            raise ValueError("Beacon scanner revisit interval must strictly "427                    "positive.")428        self.__revisit = value429    430    @property431    def filters(self):432        """BLE beacon scanner filters getter."""433        return self.__filters434    435    @filters.setter436    def filters(self, value):437        """BLE beacon scanner filters setter.438        Raises:439            TypeError: Beacon scanner filters must be a dictionary.440            KeyError: Beacon scanner filters must be one of allowable filters.441        """442        if not isinstance(value, dict):443            raise TypeError("Beacon scanner filters must be a dictionary.")444        elif not all([key in ALLOWABLE_FILTERS for key in value.keys()]):445            raise KeyError("Beacon scanner filters must be one of allowable "446                    f"filters {ALLOWABLE_FILTERS}.")447        self.__filters = value448    449    def filter_advertisements(self, advertisements):450        """Filter received beacon advertisements based on filters.451        452        Args:453            advertisements (pandas.DataFrame): Parsed advertisements.454            455        Returns:456            Advertisements with all entries that were not compliant with the 457            filters removed.458        """459        for key, value in self.filters.items():460            # Filter based on fixed identifiers461            if key in ID_FILTERS:462                advertisements = advertisements[advertisements[key].isin([value])]463            # Filter based on measurements464            else:465                query_str = f"{value[0]} <= {key} and {key} <= {value[1]}"466                advertisements = advertisements.query(query_str)467        advertisements.reset_index(inplace=True, drop=True)468        return advertisements469    470    def process_scans(self, scans, timestamps):471        """Process collection of received beacon advertisement scans.472        473        Organize collection of received beacon advertisement scans according 474        to address, payload, and measurements.475        Args:476            scans (list): Received beacon advertisement scans. Each element 477                contains all advertisements received from one scan. Elements 478                are in temporal order.479            timestamps (list): Timestamps associated with each scan.480            481        Returns:482            Advertisements organized in a pandas.DataFrame by address first, 483            timestamp second, and then remainder of advertisement payload, 484            e.g., UUID, major, minor, etc.485        """486        # Collect all advertisements487        advertisements = []488        for (scan, timestamp) in zip_longest(scans, timestamps):489            for address, payload in scan.items():490                advertisement = {'ADDRESS': address, 'TIMESTAMP': timestamp}491                advertisement['UUID'] = payload[0]492                advertisement['MAJOR'] = payload[1]493                advertisement['MINOR'] = payload[2]494                advertisement['TX POWER'] = payload[3]495                advertisement['RSSI'] = payload[4]496                advertisements.append(advertisement)497        # Format into DataFrame498        return  pd.DataFrame(advertisements,columns=['ADDRESS', 'TIMESTAMP', 499            'UUID', 'MAJOR', 'MINOR', 'TX POWER', 'RSSI'])500    def scan(self, scan_prefix='', timeout=0, revisit=1):501        """Execute BLE beacon scan.502        503        Args:504            scan_prefix (str): Scan output file prefix. Final output file name505                will be appended with first scan start timestamp. Defaults to506                configuration value.507            timeout (int, float): Time (s) for which to advertise beacon. If 508                specified as None then advertises till user commanded stop via 509                control file. Defaults to configuration value.510            revisit (int): Time interval (s) between consecutive scans. 511                Defaults to 1.512            513        Returns:514            Filtered advertisements organized in a pandas.DataFrame by address 515            first, timestamp second, and then remainder of advertisement 516            payload, e.g., UUID, major, minor, etc.517        """518        # Parse inputs519        if scan_prefix == '':520            scan_prefix = self.scan_prefix521        if timeout == 0:522            timeout = self.timeout523        # Update control file and scan output file524        with open(self.__control_file, 'w') as f:525            f.write("0")526        scan_file = Path(f"{scan_prefix}_{datetime.now():%Y%m%dT%H%M%S}.csv")527        # Start advertising528        self.__logger.info(f"Starting beacon scanner with timeout {timeout}.")529        self.__control_file_handle = self.__control_file.open(mode='r+')530        run = True        531        timestamps = []532        scans = []533        scan_count = 0534        start_time = time.monotonic()535        while run:536            scan_count += 1537            self.__logger.debug(f"Performing scan #{scan_count} at revisit "538                    f"{self.revisit}.")539            timestamps.append(datetime.now())540            scans.append(self.__service.scan(self.revisit))541            # Stop advertising based on either timeout or control file542            if timeout is not None:543                if (time.monotonic()-start_time) > timeout:544                    self.__logger.debug("Beacon scanner timed out.")545                    run = False546            self.__control_file_handle.seek(0)547            control_flag = self.__control_file_handle.read()548            if control_flag != "0":549                self.__logger.debug("Beacon scanner control flag set to stop.")550                run = False551        self.__logger.info("Stopping beacon scanner.")552        # Cleanup553        self.__control_file_handle.close()554        with self.__control_file.open('w') as f:555            f.write("0")556        # Process, filter, and output received scans557        advertisements = self.process_scans(scans, timestamps)558        advertisements = self.filter_advertisements(advertisements)559        advertisements.to_csv(scan_file, index_label='SCAN')560        return advertisements561    562def setup_logger(config):563    """Setup and return logger based on configuration."""564    logging.config.dictConfig(config['config'])565    return logging.getLogger(config['name'])566    567def close_logger(logger):568    """Close logger."""569    for handler in logger.handlers[:]:570        handler.close()571        logger.removeHandler(handler)572    573def load_config(parsed_args):574    """Load configuration.575    Loads beacon/scanner configuration from parsed input argument. Any576    expected keys not specified use values from default configuration.577    Args:578        parsed_args (Namespace): Parsed input arguments.579        580    Returns:581        Configuration dictionary.582    """583    # Load default configuration if none specified584    if parsed_args['config_yml'] is None:585        config = DEFAULT_CONFIG586    # Load configuration YAML587    else:588        with open(parsed_args['config_yml'], 'r') as f:589            config = yaml.load(f, Loader=yaml.SafeLoader)590        config['advertiser'] = {**DEFAULT_CONFIG['advertiser'], 591                **config['advertiser']}592        config['scanner'] = {**DEFAULT_CONFIG['scanner'], 593                **config['scanner']}594    # Merge configuration values with command line options595    for key, value in parsed_args.items():596        if value is not None:597            if key in config['advertiser']:598                config['advertiser'][key] = value599            if key in config['scanner']:600                config['scanner'][key] = value601    # Remove malformed filters602    if config['scanner']['filters'] is not None:603        filters_to_remove = []604        for key, value in config['scanner']['filters'].items():605            if key not in ALLOWABLE_FILTERS:606                filters_to_remove.append(key)607            elif value is None:608                filters_to_remove.append(key)609            elif key in MEASUREMENT_FILTERS and len(value) != 2:610                filters_to_remove.append(key)611        for filter_to_remove in filters_to_remove:612            del config['scanner']['filters'][filter_to_remove]613    return config614    615def parse_args(args):616    """Input argument parser.617    Args:618        args (list): Input arguments as taken from sys.argv.619        620    Returns:621        Dictionary containing parsed input arguments. Keys are argument names.622    """623    # Parse command line arguments624    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(625        description=("BLE beacon advertiser or scanner. Command line "626                     "arguments will override their corresponding value in "627                     "a configuration file if specified."))628    mode_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group(required=True)629    mode_group.add_argument('-a', '--advertiser', action='store_true',630                            help="Beacon advertiser mode.")631    mode_group.add_argument('-s', '--scanner', action='store_true',632                            help="Beacon scanner mode.")633    parser.add_argument('--config_yml', help="Configuration YAML.")634    parser.add_argument('--control_file', help="Control file.")635    parser.add_argument('--scan_prefix', help="Scan output file prefix.")636    parser.add_argument('--timeout', type=float, 637            help="Timeout (s) for both beacon advertiser and  scanner modes.")638    parser.add_argument('--uuid', help="Beacon advertiser UUID.")639    parser.add_argument('--major', type=int, 640            help="Beacon advertiser major value.")641    parser.add_argument('--minor', type=int, 642            help="Beacon advertiser minor value.")643    parser.add_argument('--tx_power', type=int, 644            help="Beacon advertiser TX power.")645    parser.add_argument('--interval', type=int,646            help="Beacon advertiser interval (ms).")647    parser.add_argument('--revisit', type=int, 648            help="Beacon scanner revisit interval (s)")649    return vars(parser.parse_args(args))650    651def main(args):652    """Creates beacon and either starts advertising or scanning.653    654    Args:655        args (list): Arguments as provided by sys.argv.656    Returns:657        If advertising then no output (None) is returned. If scanning 658        then scanned advertisements are returned in pandas.DataFrame.659    """660    # Initial setup661    parsed_args = parse_args(args)662    config = load_config(parsed_args)663    logger = setup_logger(config['logger'])664    logger.debug(f"Beacon configuration - {config['advertiser']}")665    logger.debug(f"Scanner configuration - {config['scanner']}")666    667    # Create and start beacon advertiser or scanner668    try:669        if parsed_args['advertiser']:670            logger.info("Beacon advertiser mode selected.")671            advertiser = Advertiser(logger, **config['advertiser'])672            advertiser.advertise()673            output = None674        elif parsed_args['scanner']:675            logger.info("Beacon scanner mode selected.")676            scanner = Scanner(logger, **config['scanner'])677            advertisements = scanner.scan()678            output = advertisements679    except Exception:680        logger.exception("Fatal exception encountered")681    finally:682        close_logger(logger)683    return output684    685if __name__ == "__main__":686    """Script execution."""687    main(sys.argv[1:])688    ...

pi_pact.py

Source:pi_pact.py

1#!/usr/bin/python32# -*- mode: python; coding: utf-8 -*-3"""Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacon advertisement and scanning.4Execution of a BLE beacon for use in BWSI PiPact independent project. 5Configuration of beacon done via external YAML. Underlying functionality 6provided by PyBluez module (https://github.com/pybluez/pybluez). Beacon 7uses iBeacon format (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBeacon).8"""9import argparse10from bluetooth.ble import BeaconService11from datetime import datetime12from itertools import zip_longest13import logging14import logging.config15import pandas as pd16from pathlib import Path17import sys18import time19from uuid import uuid120import yaml21# Default configuration22LOG_NAME = 'pi_pact.log'23DEFAULT_CONFIG = {24    'advertiser': {25        'control_file': "advertiser_control",26        'timeout': None,27        'uuid': '',28        'major': 1,29        'minor': 1,30        'tx_power': 1,31        'interval': 20032        },33    'scanner': {34        'control_file': "scanner_control",35        'scan_prefix': "pi_pact_scan",36        'timeout': None,37        'revisit': 1,38        'filters': {}39        },40    'logger': {41        'name': LOG_NAME,42        'config': {43            'version': 1,44            'formatters': {45                'full': {46                    'format': '%(asctime)s   %(module)-10s   %(levelname)-8s   %(message)s'},47                'brief': {48                    'format': '%(asctime)s   %(levelname)-8s   %(message)s'},49                },50            'handlers': {51                'console': {52                    'class': 'logging.StreamHandler',53                    'level': 'INFO',54                    'formatter': 'brief'55                    },56                'file': {57                    'class': 'logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler',58                    'level': 'DEBUG',59                    'formatter': 'full',60                    'filename': LOG_NAME,61                    'when': 'H',62                    'interval': 163                    }64                },65            'loggers': {66                LOG_NAME: {67                    'level': 'DEBUG',68                    'handlers': ['console', 'file']69                    }70                }71            }72        }73    }74# Universal settings75BLE_DEVICE = "hci0"76CONTROL_INTERVAL = 1 # (s)77MAX_TIMEOUT = 600 # (s)78ID_FILTERS = ['ADDRESS', 'UUID', 'MAJOR', 'MINOR', 'TX POWER']79MEASUREMENT_FILTERS = ['TIMESTAMP', 'RSSI']80# Limits81MAJOR_LIMITS = [1, 65535]82MINOR_LIMITS = [1, 65535]83TX_POWER_LIMITS = [-40, 4]84INTERVAL_LIMITS = [20, 10000] # (ms)85ALLOWABLE_FILTERS = ID_FILTERS+MEASUREMENT_FILTERS86class Advertiser(object):87    """Instantiates a BLE beacon advertiser.88    89    Attributes:90        control_file (pathlib.Path): BLE beacon advertiser control file path.91        timeout (float, int): BLE beacon advertiser timeout (s). Must be 92            strictly positive and less than 600.93        uuid (str): BLE beacon advertiser UUID. Must be 32 hexadecimal digits 94            split into 5 groups separated by hyphens. The number of digits in 95            each group from first to last) is {8, 4, 4, 4, 12}.96        major (int): BLE beacon advertiser major value. Must be in [1, 65535].97        minor (int): BLE beacon advertiser minor value. Must be in [1, 65535].98        tx_power (int): BLE beacon advertiser TX power value. Must be in 99            [-40, 4].100        interval (int): BLE beacon advertiser interval (ms) value. Must be in 101            [20, 10000].102    """103    def __init__(self, logger, **kwargs):104        """Instance initialization.105        Args:106            logger (logging.Logger): Configured logger.107            **kwargs: Keyword arguments corresponding to instance attributes. 108                Any unassociated keyword arguments are ignored.109        """110        # Logger111        self.__logger = logger112        # Beacon settings113        for key, value in DEFAULT_CONFIG['advertiser'].items():114            if key in kwargs and kwargs[key]:115                setattr(self, key, kwargs[key])116            else:117                self.__logger.debug("Using default beacon advertiser "118                        f"configuration {key}: {value}.")119                setattr(self, key, value)120        # Create beacon121        self.__service = BeaconService(BLE_DEVICE)122        self.__logger.info("Initialized beacon advertiser.")123        124    def __del__(self):125        """Instance destruction."""126        if self.__control_file_handle is not None:127            self.__control_file_handle.close()128        self.__control_file.unlink()129        130    @property131    def control_file(self):132        """BLE beacon advertiser control file path getter."""133        return self.__control_file134    135    @control_file.setter136    def control_file(self, value):137        """BLE beacon advertiser control file path setter.138        139        Raises:140            TypeError: Beacon advertiser control file must be a string.141        """142        if not isinstance(value, str):143            raise TypeError("Beacon advertiser control file must be a string.")144        else:145            self.__control_file = Path(value).resolve()146            self.__control_file.touch()147            self.__control_file.chmod(0o777)148            with self.__control_file.open(mode='w') as f:149                f.write("0")150            self.__control_file_handle = None151                152    @property153    def timeout(self):154        """BLE beacon advertiser timeout getter."""155        return self.__timeout;156    157    @timeout.setter158    def timeout(self, value):159        """BLE beacon advertiser timeout setter.160        Raises:161            TypeError: Beacon advertiser timeout must be a float, integer, or 162                NoneType.163            ValueError: Beacon advertiser timeout must be strictly positive.164            ValueError: Beacon advertisertimeout cannot exceed maximum 165                allowable timeout.166        """167        if value is not None:168            if not isinstance(value, (float, int)):169                raise TypeError("Beacon advertiser timeout must be a float, "170                        "integer, or NoneType.")171            elif value <= 0:172                raise ValueError("Beacon advertiser timeout must be strictly "173                        "positive.")174            elif value > MAX_TIMEOUT:175                raise ValueError("Beacon advertiser timeout cannot exceed "176                        "maximum allowable timeout.")177        self.__timeout = value178    179    @property180    def uuid(self):181        """BLE beacon advertiser UUID getter."""182        return self.__uuid;183    @uuid.setter184    def uuid(self, value):185        """BLE beacon advertiser UUID setter.186        Raises:187            TypeError: Beacon advertiser UUID must be a string.188        """189        if not isinstance(value, str):190            raise TypeError("Beacon advertiser UUID must be a string.")191        elif not value:192            self.__uuid = str(uuid1())193            self.__logger.debug(f"Beacon advertiser UUID set to {self.__uuid}")194        else:195            self.__uuid = value;196    @property197    def major(self):198        """BLE beacon advertiser major value getter."""199        return self.__major200    @major.setter201    def major(self, value):202        """BLE beacon advertiser major value setter.203        Raises:204            TypeError: Beacon advertiser major value must be an integer.205            ValueError: Beacon advertiser major value must be in [1, 65535].206         """207        if not isinstance(value, int):208            raise TypeError("Beacon advertiser major value must be an integer.")209        elif value < MAJOR_LIMITS[0] or value > MAJOR_LIMITS[1]:210            raise ValueError("Beacon advertiser major value must be in range "211                    f"{MAJOR_LIMITS}.")212        self.__major = value213            214    @property215    def minor(self):216        """BLE beacon advertiser minor value getter."""217        return self.__minor218    @minor.setter219    def minor(self, value):220        """BLE beacon advertiser minor value setter.221        Raises:222            TypeError: Beacon advertiser minor value must be an integer.223            ValueError: Beacon advertiser minor value must be in [1, 65535].224         """225        if not isinstance(value, int):226            raise TypeError("Beacon advertiser minor value must be an integer.")227        elif value < MINOR_LIMITS[0] or value > MINOR_LIMITS[1]:228            raise ValueError("Beacon advertiser minor value must be in range "229                    f"{MINOR_LIMITS}.")230        self.__minor = value231    @property232    def tx_power(self):233        """BLE beacon advertiser TX power value getter."""234        return self.__tx_power235    @tx_power.setter236    def tx_power(self, value):237        """BLE beacon Beacon advertiser TX power setter.238        Raises:239            TypeError: Beacon advertiser TX power must be an integer.240            ValueError: Beacon advertiser TX power must be in [-40, 4].241         """242        if not isinstance(value, int):243            raise TypeError("Beacon advertiser TX power must be an integer.")244        elif value < TX_POWER_LIMITS[0] or value > TX_POWER_LIMITS[1]:245            raise ValueError("Beacon advertiser TX power must be in range "246                    f"{TX_POWER_LIMITS}.")247        self.__tx_power = value248    @property249    def interval(self):250        """BLE beacon advertiser interval getter."""251        return self.__interval252    @interval.setter253    def interval(self, value):254        """BLE beacon advertiser interval setter.255        Raises:256            TypeError: Beacon advertiser interval must be an integer.257            ValueError: Beacon advertiser interval must be in [20, 10000].258         """259        if not isinstance(value, int):260            raise TypeError("Beacon advertiser interval must be an integer.")261        elif value < INTERVAL_LIMITS[0] or value > INTERVAL_LIMITS[1]:262            raise ValueError("Beacon advertiser interval must be in range "263                    f"{INTERVAL_LIMITS}.")264        self.__interval = value265            266    def advertise(self, timeout=0):267        """Execute BLE beacon advertisement.268        269        Args:270            timeout (int, float): Time (s) for which to advertise beacon. If271                specified as None then advertises till user commanded stop via272                control file. Defaults to configuration value.273        """274        # Parse inputs275        if timeout == 0:276            timeout = self.timeout277        # Update control file278        with self.__control_file.open(mode='w') as f:279            f.write("0")280        # Start advertising281        self.__logger.info("Starting beacon advertiser with timeout "282                f"{timeout}.")283        self.__service.start_advertising(self.uuid, self.major, self.minor,284                                         self.tx_power, self.interval)285        # Stop advertising based on either timeout or control file286        start_time = time.monotonic()287        self.__control_file_handle = self.__control_file.open(mode='r+')288        run = True289        while run:290            time.sleep(CONTROL_INTERVAL)291            if timeout is not None:292                if (time.monotonic()-start_time) > timeout:293                    self.__logger.debug("Beacon advertiser timed out.")294                    run = False295            self.__control_file_handle.seek(0)296            control_flag = self.__control_file_handle.read()297            if control_flag != "0":298                self.__logger.debug("Beacon advertiser control flag set to "299                        "stop.")300                run = False301        self.__logger.info("Stopping beacon advertiser.")        302        self.__service.stop_advertising()303        # Cleanup304        self.__control_file_handle.close()305        with self.__control_file.open('w') as f:306            f.write("0")307            308class Scanner(object):309    """Instantiates a BLE beacon scanner.310    311    Attributes:312        control_file (pathlib.Path): BLE beacon scanner control file path.313        timeout (float, int): BLE beacon scanner timeout (s). Must be strictly314            positive and less than 600.315        revisit (int): BLE beacon scanner revisit interval (s). Must be 316            strictly positive.317        filters (dict): Filters to apply to received beacons. Available318            filters/keys are {'address', 'uuid', 'major', 'minor'}.319    """320    def __init__(self, logger, **kwargs):321        """Instance initialization.322        Args:323            logger (logging.Logger): Configured logger.324            **kwargs: Keyword arguments corresponding to instance attributes. 325                Any unassociated keyword arguments are ignored.326        """327        # Logger328        self.__logger = logger329        # Beacon settings330        for key, value in DEFAULT_CONFIG['scanner'].items():331            if key in kwargs and kwargs[key]:332                setattr(self, key, kwargs[key])333            else:334                self.__logger.debug("Using default beacon scanner "335                        f"configuration {key}: {value}.")336                setattr(self, key, value)337        # Create beacon338        self.__service = BeaconService(BLE_DEVICE)339        self.__logger.info("Initialized beacon scanner.")340        341    def __del__(self):342        """Instance destruction."""343        if self.__control_file_handle is not None:344            self.__control_file_handle.close()345        self.__control_file.unlink()346        347    @property348    def control_file(self):349        """BLE beacon scanner control file path getter."""350        return self.__control_file351    352    @control_file.setter353    def control_file(self, value):354        """BLE beacon scanner control file path setter.355        356        Raises:357            TypeError: Beacon scanner control file must be a string.358        """359        if not isinstance(value, str):360            raise TypeError("Beacon scanner control file must be a string.")361        # Initialize control file362        self.__control_file = Path(value).resolve()363        self.__control_file.touch()364        self.__control_file.chmod(0o777)365        with self.__control_file.open(mode='w') as f:366            f.write("0")367        self.__control_file_handle = None368    @property369    def scan_prefix(self):370        """BLE beacon scanner scan file prefix getter."""371        return self.__scan_prefix372    373    @scan_prefix.setter374    def scan_prefix(self, value):375        """BLE beacon scanner scan file prefix setter.376        377        Raises:378            TypeError: Beacon scanner scan file prefix must be a string.379        """380        if not isinstance(value, str):381            raise TypeError("Beacon scanner scan file prefix must be a string.")382        self.__scan_prefix = value383   384    @property385    def timeout(self):386        """BLE beacon scanner timeout getter."""387        return self.__timeout;388    389    @timeout.setter390    def timeout(self, value):391        """BLE beacon scanner timeout setter.392        Raises:393            TypeError: Beacon scanner timeout must be a float, integer, or 394                NoneType.395            ValueError: Beacon scanner timeout must be strictly positive.396            ValueError: Beacon scanner cannot exceed maximum allowable timeout.397        """398        if value is not None:399            if not isinstance(value, (float, int)):400                raise TypeError("Beacon scanner timeout must be a float, "401                        "integer, or NoneType.")402            elif value <= 0:403                raise ValueError("Beacon scanner timeout must be strictly "404                        "positive.")405            elif value > MAX_TIMEOUT:406                raise ValueError("Beacon scanner timeout cannot exceed "407                        "maximum allowable timeout.")408        self.__timeout = value409    410    @property411    def revisit(self):412        """BLE beacon scanner revisit interval getter."""413        return self.__revisit414    @revisit.setter415    def revisit(self, value):416        """BLE beacon scanner revisit interval setter.417        Raises:418            TypeError: Beacon scanner revisit interval must be an integer.419            ValueError: Beacon scanner revisit interval must be strictly 420                positive.421         """422        if not isinstance(value, int):423            raise TypeError("Beacon scanner revisit interval must be an "424                    "integer.")425        elif value <= 0:426            raise ValueError("Beacon scanner revisit interval must strictly "427                    "positive.")428        self.__revisit = value429    430    @property431    def filters(self):432        """BLE beacon scanner filters getter."""433        return self.__filters434    435    @filters.setter436    def filters(self, value):437        """BLE beacon scanner filters setter.438        Raises:439            TypeError: Beacon scanner filters must be a dictionary.440            KeyError: Beacon scanner filters must be one of allowable filters.441        """442        if not isinstance(value, dict):443            raise TypeError("Beacon scanner filters must be a dictionary.")444        elif not all([key in ALLOWABLE_FILTERS for key in value.keys()]):445            raise KeyError("Beacon scanner filters must be one of allowable "446                    f"filters {ALLOWABLE_FILTERS}.")447        self.__filters = value448    449    def filter_advertisements(self, advertisements):450        """Filter received beacon advertisements based on filters.451        452        Args:453            advertisements (pandas.DataFrame): Parsed advertisements.454            455        Returns:456            Advertisements with all entries that were not compliant with the 457            filters removed.458        """459        for key, value in self.filters.items():460            # Filter based on fixed identifiers461            if key in ID_FILTERS:462                advertisements = advertisements[advertisements[key].isin([value])]463            # Filter based on measurements464            else:465                query_str = f"{value[0]} <= {key} and {key} <= {value[1]}"466                advertisements = advertisements.query(query_str)467        advertisements.reset_index(inplace=True, drop=True)468        return advertisements469    470    def process_scans(self, scans, timestamps):471        """Process collection of received beacon advertisement scans.472        473        Organize collection of received beacon advertisement scans according 474        to address, payload, and measurements.475        Args:476            scans (list): Received beacon advertisement scans. Each element 477                contains all advertisements received from one scan. Elements 478                are in temporal order.479            timestamps (list): Timestamps associated with each scan.480            481        Returns:482            Advertisements organized in a pandas.DataFrame by address first, 483            timestamp second, and then remainder of advertisement payload, 484            e.g., UUID, major, minor, etc.485        """486        # Collect all advertisements487        advertisements = []488        for (scan, timestamp) in zip_longest(scans, timestamps):489            for address, payload in scan.items():490                advertisement = {'ADDRESS': address, 'TIMESTAMP': timestamp}491                advertisement['UUID'] = payload[0]492                advertisement['MAJOR'] = payload[1]493                advertisement['MINOR'] = payload[2]494                advertisement['TX POWER'] = payload[3]495                advertisement['RSSI'] = payload[4]496                advertisements.append(advertisement)497        # Format into DataFrame498        return  pd.DataFrame(advertisements,columns=['ADDRESS', 'TIMESTAMP', 499            'UUID', 'MAJOR', 'MINOR', 'TX POWER', 'RSSI'])500    def scan(self, scan_prefix='', timeout=0, revisit=1):501        """Execute BLE beacon scan.502        503        Args:504            scan_prefix (str): Scan output file prefix. Final output file name505                will be appended with first scan start timestamp. Defaults to506                configuration value.507            timeout (int, float): Time (s) for which to advertise beacon. If 508                specified as None then advertises till user commanded stop via 509                control file. Defaults to configuration value.510            revisit (int): Time interval (s) between consecutive scans. 511                Defaults to 1.512            513        Returns:514            Filtered advertisements organized in a pandas.DataFrame by address 515            first, timestamp second, and then remainder of advertisement 516            payload, e.g., UUID, major, minor, etc.517        """518        # Parse inputs519        if scan_prefix == '':520            scan_prefix = self.scan_prefix521        if timeout == 0:522            timeout = self.timeout523        # Update control file and scan output file524        with open(self.__control_file, 'w') as f:525            f.write("0")526        scan_file = Path(f"{scan_prefix}_{datetime.now():%Y%m%dT%H%M%S}.csv")527        # Start advertising528        self.__logger.info(f"Starting beacon scanner with timeout {timeout}.")529        self.__control_file_handle = self.__control_file.open(mode='r+')530        run = True        531        timestamps = []532        scans = []533        scan_count = 0534        start_time = time.monotonic()535        while run:536            scan_count += 1537            self.__logger.debug(f"Performing scan #{scan_count} at revisit "538                    f"{self.revisit}.")539            timestamps.append(datetime.now())540            scans.append(self.__service.scan(self.revisit))541            # Stop advertising based on either timeout or control file542            if timeout is not None:543                if (time.monotonic()-start_time) > timeout:544                    self.__logger.debug("Beacon scanner timed out.")545                    run = False546            self.__control_file_handle.seek(0)547            control_flag = self.__control_file_handle.read()548            if control_flag != "0":549                self.__logger.debug("Beacon scanner control flag set to stop.")550                run = False551        self.__logger.info("Stopping beacon scanner.")552        # Cleanup553        self.__control_file_handle.close()554        with self.__control_file.open('w') as f:555            f.write("0")556        # Process, filter, and output received scans557        advertisements = self.process_scans(scans, timestamps)558        advertisements = self.filter_advertisements(advertisements)559        advertisements.to_csv(scan_file, index_label='SCAN')560        return advertisements561    562def setup_logger(config):563    """Setup and return logger based on configuration."""564    logging.config.dictConfig(config['config'])565    return logging.getLogger(config['name'])566    567def close_logger(logger):568    """Close logger."""569    for handler in logger.handlers[:]:570        handler.close()571        logger.removeHandler(handler)572    573def load_config(parsed_args):574    """Load configuration.575    Loads beacon/scanner configuration from parsed input argument. Any576    expected keys not specified use values from default configuration.577    Args:578        parsed_args (Namespace): Parsed input arguments.579        580    Returns:581        Configuration dictionary.582    """583    # Load default configuration if none specified584    if parsed_args['config_yml'] is None:585        config = DEFAULT_CONFIG586    # Load configuration YAML587    else:588        with open(parsed_args['config_yml'], 'r') as f:589            config = yaml.load(f, Loader=yaml.SafeLoader)590        config['advertiser'] = {**DEFAULT_CONFIG['advertiser'], 591                **config['advertiser']}592        config['scanner'] = {**DEFAULT_CONFIG['scanner'], 593                **config['scanner']}594    # Merge configuration values with command line options595    for key, value in parsed_args.items():596        if value is not None:597            if key in config['advertiser']:598                config['advertiser'][key] = value599            if key in config['scanner']:600                config['scanner'][key] = value601    # Remove malformed filters602    if config['scanner']['filters'] is not None:603        filters_to_remove = []604        for key, value in config['scanner']['filters'].items():605            if key not in ALLOWABLE_FILTERS:606                filters_to_remove.append(key)607            elif value is None:608                filters_to_remove.append(key)609            elif key in MEASUREMENT_FILTERS and len(value) != 2:610                filters_to_remove.append(key)611        for filter_to_remove in filters_to_remove:612            del config['scanner']['filters'][filter_to_remove]613    return config614    615def parse_args(args):616    """Input argument parser.617    Args:618        args (list): Input arguments as taken from sys.argv.619        620    Returns:621        Dictionary containing parsed input arguments. Keys are argument names.622    """623    # Parse command line arguments624    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(625        description=("BLE beacon advertiser or scanner. Command line "626                     "arguments will override their corresponding value in "627                     "a configuration file if specified."))628    mode_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group(required=True)629    mode_group.add_argument('-a', '--advertiser', action='store_true',630                            help="Beacon advertiser mode.")631    mode_group.add_argument('-s', '--scanner', action='store_true',632                            help="Beacon scanner mode.")633    parser.add_argument('--config_yml', help="Configuration YAML.")634    parser.add_argument('--control_file', help="Control file.")635    parser.add_argument('--scan_prefix', help="Scan output file prefix.")636    parser.add_argument('--timeout', type=float, 637            help="Timeout (s) for both beacon advertiser and  scanner modes.")638    parser.add_argument('--uuid', help="Beacon advertiser UUID.")639    parser.add_argument('--major', type=int, 640            help="Beacon advertiser major value.")641    parser.add_argument('--minor', type=int, 642            help="Beacon advertiser minor value.")643    parser.add_argument('--tx_power', type=int, 644            help="Beacon advertiser TX power.")645    parser.add_argument('--interval', type=int,646            help="Beacon advertiser interval (ms).")647    parser.add_argument('--revisit', type=int, 648            help="Beacon scanner revisit interval (s)")649    return vars(parser.parse_args(args))650    651def main(args):652    """Creates beacon and either starts advertising or scanning.653    654    Args:655        args (list): Arguments as provided by sys.argv.656    Returns:657        If advertising then no output (None) is returned. If scanning 658        then scanned advertisements are returned in pandas.DataFrame.659    """660    # Initial setup661    parsed_args = parse_args(args)662    config = load_config(parsed_args)663    logger = setup_logger(config['logger'])664    logger.debug(f"Beacon configuration - {config['advertiser']}")665    logger.debug(f"Scanner configuration - {config['scanner']}")666    667    # Create and start beacon advertiser or scanner668    try:669        if parsed_args['advertiser']:670            logger.info("Beacon advertiser mode selected.")671            advertiser = Advertiser(logger, **config['advertiser'])672            advertiser.advertise()673            output = None674        elif parsed_args['scanner']:675            logger.info("Beacon scanner mode selected.")676            scanner = Scanner(logger, **config['scanner'])677            advertisements = scanner.scan()678            output = advertisements679    except Exception:680        logger.exception("Fatal exception encountered")681    finally:682        close_logger(logger)683    return output684    685if __name__ == "__main__":686    """Script execution."""687    main(sys.argv[1:])...

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