How to use __cmd method in ATX

Best Python code snippet using ATX

xhdfs2.py

Source:xhdfs2.py

1#! /usr/local/bin/python32import os3import re4import sys5import atexit6import readline7import argparse8from subprocess import call, check_output9# TODO add alias support10# TODO wildcard support11# TODO multi version support12# TODO cron write history cmd file support13class Watcher:14    def path_change(self, path):15        pass16class PathWatcher(Watcher):17    def __init__(self, cmd):18        self.__cmd = cmd19        self.__hdfs_choices_cached = {}20        readline.parse_and_bind("tab: complete")21        readline.set_completer(self.completer)22        readline.set_completer_delims(' /')23        self.__histfile = os.path.expandvars('${HOME}/.xhdfs_history')24        if os.path.exists(self.__histfile):25            readline.read_history_file(self.__histfile)26        atexit.register(self.__save_histfile)27        self.__local_choices = []28        self.__remote_choices = []29        self.__mk_remote_choices('/')30        self.__mk_local_choices(os.getcwd())31    def path_change(self, path):32        if app.is_hdfs_mode:33            self.__mk_remote_choices(path)34        else:35            self.__mk_local_choices(path)36    def choice_layout(self):37        if app.print_autocomp_words:38            if len(self.__local_choices) > 0:39                print('\n--->local')40            cnt = 041            for choice in self.__local_choices:42                cnt += 143                if cnt % 4 == 0:44                    print()45                print(choice.rjust(35), end=' ')46            if len(self.__remote_choices) > 0:47                print('\n\n--->hdfs')48            cnt = 049            for choice in self.__remote_choices:50                cnt += 151                if cnt % 4 == 0:52                    print()53                print(choice.rjust(35), end=' ')54            if len(self.__local_choices) > 0 or len(self.__remote_choices) > 0:55                print()56    def completer(self, text, state):57        try:58            words = []59            line = readline.get_line_buffer()60            line = [ele for ele in re.split(r'\s+', line) if ele != '']61            if len(line) == 1:62                words = self.__cmd.hdfscmd()63            elif len(line) > 1:64                line = line[-1]65                if line.find('/') == -1:66                    words = app.watcher().__choices()67                else:68                    if not line[-1].endswith('/'):69                        line = os.path.dirname(line)70                    local_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), line)71                    if os.path.exists(local_path):72                        lchoices = check_output(['ls', local_path]).decode('utf-8').split('\n')[:-1]73                        words.extend(lchoices)74                        # print(f'\n@lchoices: {lchoices}@')75                    else:76                        hdfs_path = os.path.join(app.path().cwd(), line)77                        if hdfs_path in self.__hdfs_choices_cached.keys():78                            words.extend(self.__hdfs_choices_cached[hdfs_path])79                        else:80                            rchoices = check_output(['hdfs', 'dfs', '-ls', hdfs_path]).decode('utf-8').split('\n')[1:-1]81                            rchoices = [rch.split('/')[-1] for rch in rchoices]82                            words.extend(rchoices)83                            self.__hdfs_choices_cached[hdfs_path] = rchoices84                        # print(f'\n@rchoices: {words}@')85            words = [word for word in words if word.startswith(text)]86            # print(f'\n@auto complete word: {words[state]}@')87            return words[state]88        except IndexError:89            # print('\n@out of range@')90            return None91    def __save_histfile(self):92        readline.write_history_file(self.__histfile)93    def __mk_local_choices(self, path):94        self.__local_choices = check_output(['ls', path]).decode('utf-8').split('\n')[:-1]95    def __mk_remote_choices(self, path):96        self.__remote_choices = check_output(['hdfs', 'dfs', '-ls', path]).decode('utf-8').split('\n')[1:-1]97        self.__remote_choices = [rch.split('/')[-1] for rch in self.__remote_choices]98    def __choices(self):99        if args.dyn_choices:100            lcwd, rcwd = app.path().dcwd()101            self.__mk_local_choices(lcwd)102            self.__mk_remote_choices(rcwd)103        return self.__local_choices + self.__remote_choices104class BasePath:105    def __init__(self, cwd, oldcwd):106        self.__cwd = None107        self.__oldcwd = None108        self.__watchers = []109        self.cwd = cwd110        self.oldcwd = oldcwd111    def add_watcher(self, watcher):112        self.__watchers.append(watcher)113    def dscribe(self, path):114        [watcher.path_change(path) for watcher in self.__watchers]115    @property116    def cwd(self):117        return self.__cwd118    @cwd.setter119    def cwd(self, val):120        if self.__cwd != val:121            self.dscribe(val)122        self.__cwd = val123    @property124    def oldcwd(self):125        return self.__oldcwd126    @oldcwd.setter127    def oldcwd(self, val):128        self.__oldcwd = val129class Path:130    def __init__(self):131        self.__local_path = Path.LocalPath(os.getcwd(), os.getcwd())132        self.__remote_path = Path.RemotePath('/', '/')133        self.__path = self.__remote_path134    class LocalPath(BasePath):135        def __init__(self, cwd, oldcwd):136            super().__init__(cwd, oldcwd)137        def cd(self, path):138            if 'cd' == path:139                self.oldcwd = self.cwd140                os.chdir(os.path.expandvars('${HOME}'))141                self.cwd = os.getcwd()142            elif path == '..':143                self.oldcwd = self.cwd144                os.chdir(os.pardir)145                self.cwd = os.getcwd()146            elif path == '-':147                os.chdir(self.oldcwd)148                self.oldcwd, self.cwd = self.cwd, self.oldcwd149            else:150                dst = Path.normalize(path, self.cwd)151                if os.path.exists(dst):152                    os.chdir(dst)153                    self.oldcwd = self.cwd154                    self.cwd = dst155                else:156                    print(f'cd: no such directory: {path}')157    class RemotePath(BasePath):158        def __init__(self, cwd, oldcwd):159            super().__init__(cwd, oldcwd)160        def cd(self, path):161            if 'cd' == path:162                self.oldcwd = self.cwd163                self.cwd = '/'164            elif path == '..':165                self.oldcwd = self.cwd166                self.cwd = os.path.dirname(self.cwd)167            elif path == '-':168                self.oldcwd, self.cwd = self.cwd, self.oldcwd169            else:170                dst = Path.normalize(path, self.cwd)171                if 0 == call(['hadoop', 'fs', '-test', '-d', dst]):172                    self.oldcwd = self.cwd173                    self.cwd = dst174                else:175                    print(f'cd: no such directory: {path}')176    def mode(self, mode):177        if mode:178            self.__path = self.__remote_path179        else:180            self.__path = self.__local_path181    def add_watcher(self, awatcher):182        self.__local_path.add_watcher(awatcher)183        self.__remote_path.add_watcher(awatcher)184    def prompt(self):185        local_bname = Path.__basename(self.__local_path.cwd)186        remote_bname = Path.__basename(self.__remote_path.cwd)187        prompt = '>'188        cmd_mode_prompt = 'hdfs'189        if not app.is_hdfs_mode:190            prompt += '>>'191            cmd_mode_prompt = 'local'192        return f'\n[{cmd_mode_prompt}][{local_bname}:{remote_bname}]{prompt} '193    def cwd(self):194        return self.__path.cwd195    def dcwd(self):196        return self.__local_path.cwd, self.__remote_path.cwd197    def cd(self, path):198        self.__path.cd(path)199    @staticmethod200    def normalize(path, cwd):201        if not path.startswith('hdfs://'):202            path = os.path.join(cwd, path)203            path = os.path.normpath(path)204        return path205    @staticmethod206    def __basename(path: str):207        if len(path) > 0:208            if path != '/':209                if path.endswith('/'):210                    path = os.path.basename(os.path.dirname(path))211                else:212                    path = os.path.basename(path)213        else:214            path = '/'215        return path216class Command:217    def __init__(self):218        self.__CMD_PWD = 'pwd'219        self.__CMD_EXIT = 'exit'220        self.__CMD_LOG_PRINT = 'log-print'221        self.__CMD_PRINT = 'cmd-print'222        self.__CMD_HISTORY = 'history'223        self.__CMD_CD = 'cd'224        self.__CMD_HDFS_ADDR = 'hdfs-addr'225        self.__CMD_ALIAS = 'alias'226        self.__CMD_CAT = 'cat'227        self.__CMD_CP = 'cp'228        self.__CMD_CHMOD = 'chmod'229        self.__CMD_CHOWN = 'chown'230        self.__CMD_GET = 'get'231        self.__CMD_LS = 'ls'232        self.__CMD_LL = 'll'233        self.__CMD_LSR = 'lsr'234        self.__CMD_MKDIR = 'mkdir'235        self.__CMD_MV = 'mv'236        self.__CMD_PUT = 'put'237        self.__CMD_RM = 'rm'238        self.__CMD_RMR = 'rmr'239        self.__CMD_TAIL = 'tail'240        self.__CMD_TOUCH = 'touch'241        self.__CMD_USAGE = 'usage'242        self.__common_alias: dict[str, list[str]] = {243            self.__CMD_LSR: [self.__CMD_LS, '-R'],244            self.__CMD_RMR: [self.__CMD_RM, '-R']245        }246        self.__hdfs_alias: dict[str, list[str]] = {247            self.__CMD_LL: [self.__CMD_LS, '']248        }249        self.__local_alias: dict[str, list[str]] = {250            self.__CMD_LL: [self.__CMD_LS, '-l']251        }252        self.__cmd: list[str] = []253        self.__hdfscmd: list[str] = ['!']254        for attr in dir(self):255            if attr.__contains__('__CMD'):256                self.__hdfscmd.append(self.__getattribute__(attr))257    def hdfscmd(self):258        return self.__hdfscmd259    def parse(self, cmd):260        self.__cmd = re.split(r'\s+', cmd)261        self.__cmd = [ele for ele in self.__cmd if ele != '']262        if 0 == len(self.__cmd):263            return264        self.__handle_alias()265        cname = self.__cmd[0]266        if cname == self.__CMD_EXIT:267            sys.exit()268        elif cname == '!':269            app.is_hdfs_mode = not app.is_hdfs_mode270        elif cname == self.__CMD_PWD:271            print(os.path.normpath(app.path().cwd()))272        elif cname == self.__CMD_ALIAS:273            self.__alias()274        elif cname == self.__CMD_LOG_PRINT:275            app.print_autocomp_words = not app.print_autocomp_words276        elif cname == self.__CMD_PRINT:277            app.print_cmd = not app.print_cmd278        elif cname == self.__CMD_HISTORY:279            Command.__history()280        elif cname == self.__CMD_CD:281            app.path().cd(self.__cmd[-1])282        elif cname == self.__CMD_HDFS_ADDR:283            Command.__hdfs_addr()284        # system commands285        elif not app.is_hdfs_mode:286            self.__exec()287        # hdfs commands288        elif cname == self.__CMD_CAT:289            self.__cat()290        elif cname == self.__CMD_CP:291            self.__cp()292        elif cname == self.__CMD_CHMOD:293            self.__chmod()294        elif cname == self.__CMD_CHOWN:295            self.__chown()296        elif cname == self.__CMD_GET:297            self.__get()298        elif cname == self.__CMD_LS:299            self.__ls()300        elif cname == self.__CMD_MKDIR:301            self.__mkdir()302        elif cname == self.__CMD_MV:303            self.__mv()304        elif cname == self.__CMD_PUT:305            self.__put()306        elif cname == self.__CMD_RM:307            self.__rm()308        elif cname == self.__CMD_TAIL:309            self.__tail()310        elif cname == self.__CMD_TOUCH:311            self.__touch()312        elif cname == self.__CMD_USAGE:313            self.__usage()314        else:315            return self.__not_find_cmd()316    # commands implementation317    def __cat(self):318        # cat URI319        if self.__non_options() < 2:320            return321        lcwd, rcwd = app.path().dcwd()322        for i in range(1, len(self.__cmd)):323            if not self.__cmd[i].startswith('-'):324                self.__cmd[i] = Path.normalize(self.__cmd[i], rcwd)325        326        self.__exec()327    def __cp(self):328        # cp [-f] URI <dest>329        non_options = self.__non_options()330        if non_options < 2:331            return332        elif non_options == 2:333            self.__cmd.append(app.path().cwd())334        lcwd, rcwd = app.path().dcwd()335        for i in range(1, len(self.__cmd)):336            if not self.__cmd[i].startswith('-'):337                self.__cmd[i] = Path.normalize(self.__cmd[i], rcwd)338        self.__exec()339    def __chmod(self):340        # chmod [-R] <MODE[,MODE]... | OCTALMODE> PATH...341        if self.__non_options() < 3:342            return343        self.__cmd[-1] = Path.normalize(self.__cmd[-1], app.path().dcwd()[1])344        self.__exec()345    def __chown(self):346        # chown [-R] [OWNER][:[GROUP]] PATH...347        if self.__non_options() < 3:348            return349        self.__cmd[-1] = Path.normalize(self.__cmd[-1], app.path().dcwd()[1])350        self.__exec()351    def __get(self):352        # get [-f] URI353        if self.__non_options() < 2:354            return355        lcwd, rcwd = app.path().dcwd()356        for i in range(1, len(self.__cmd) - 1):357            if not self.__cmd[i].startswith('-'):358                self.__cmd[i] = Path.normalize(self.__cmd[i], rcwd)359        self.__cmd[-1] = Path.normalize(self.__cmd[-1], lcwd)360        self.__exec()361    def __ls(self):362        # ls [-d] [-h] [-R] [<path> ...]363        nopt = self.__non_options()364        if 1 == nopt:365            self.__cmd.append(app.path().dcwd()[1])366        lcwd, rcwd = app.path().dcwd()367        for i in range(1, len(self.__cmd)):368            if not self.__cmd[i].startswith('-'):369                self.__cmd[i] = Path.normalize(self.__cmd[i], rcwd)370        self.__exec()371    def __mkdir(self):372        # mkdir [-p] <paths>373        if self.__non_options() < 2:374            return375        if '-p' not in self.__cmd:376            self.__cmd.insert(1, '-p')377        lcwd, rcwd = app.path().dcwd()378        for i in range(1, len(self.__cmd)):379            if not self.__cmd[i].startswith('-'):380                self.__cmd[i] = Path.normalize(self.__cmd[i], rcwd)381        self.__exec()382    def __mv(self):383        # mv URI <dest>384        non_options = self.__non_options()385        if non_options < 2:386            return387        elif non_options == 2:388            self.__cmd.append(app.path().cwd())389        for i in range(1, len(self.__cmd)):390            if not self.__cmd[i].startswith('-'):391                self.__cmd[i] = Path.normalize(self.__cmd[i], app.path().cwd())392        self.__exec()393    def __put(self):394        # put [-f] [-p] [-l] [-d] <localsrc> <dst>395        non_options = self.__non_options()396        if non_options < 2:397            return398        elif non_options == 2:399            self.__cmd.append(app.path().cwd())400        lcwd, rcwd = app.path().dcwd()401        for i in range(1, len(self.__cmd) - 1):402            if not self.__cmd[i].startswith('-'):403                self.__cmd[i] = Path.normalize(self.__cmd[i], lcwd)404        self.__cmd[-1] = Path.normalize(self.__cmd[-1], rcwd)405        self.__exec()406    def __rm(self):407        # rm [-R] URI408        if self.__non_options() < 2:409            return410        lcwd, rcwd = app.path().dcwd()411        for i in range(1, len(self.__cmd)):412            if not self.__cmd[i].startswith('-'):413                self.__cmd[i] = Path.normalize(self.__cmd[i], rcwd)414        self.__exec()415    def __tail(self):416        # tail [-f] URI417        if self.__non_options() < 2:418            return419        self.__cmd[-1] = Path.normalize(self.__cmd[-1], app.path().cwd())420        self.__exec()421    def __touch(self):422        # touchz URI423        if self.__non_options() < 2:424            return425        self.__cmd[0] += 'z'426        lcwd, rcwd = app.path().dcwd()427        for i in range(1, len(self.__cmd)):428            if not self.__cmd[i].startswith('-'):429                self.__cmd[i] = Path.normalize(self.__cmd[i], rcwd)430        self.__exec()431    @staticmethod432    def __history():433        hist = os.path.expandvars('${HOME}/.xhdfs_history')434        if os.path.exists(hist):435            with open(hist) as f:436                for cmd in f.readlines():437                    print(cmd, end='')438    def __usage(self):439        # usage command440        if self.__non_options() < 2:441            return442        self.__exec()443    def __exec(self):444        cmd = ' '.join(self.__cmd)445        if app.is_hdfs_mode:446            cmd = 'hdfs dfs -' + cmd447        if app.print_cmd:448            print(f'\033[1;32;47m{cmd}\033[0m')449        call(cmd, shell=True)450    def __non_options(self):451        return len([ele for ele in self.__cmd if not ele.startswith('-')])452    def __not_find_cmd(self):453        cmd = ''.join(self.__cmd)454        cmd = f'command not find: {cmd}'455        print(f'\033[1;32;47m{cmd}\033[0m')456    def __handle_alias(self):457        key = self.__cmd[0]458        if key in self.__common_alias.keys():459            self.__cmd[0] = self.__common_alias[key][0]460            options = self.__common_alias[key][1]461            if len(options) > 0:462                self.__cmd.insert(1, options)463            return464        if app.is_hdfs_mode and key in self.__hdfs_alias.keys():465            self.__cmd[0] = self.__hdfs_alias[key][0]466            options = self.__hdfs_alias[key][1]467            if len(options) > 0:468                self.__cmd.insert(1, options)469        elif key in self.__local_alias.keys():470            self.__cmd[0] = self.__local_alias[key][0]471            options = self.__local_alias[key][1]472            if len(options) > 0:473                self.__cmd.insert(1, options)474    @staticmethod475    def __hdfs_addr():476        if os.getenv('HADOOP_HOME'):477            core_site_file = os.path.join(os.environ['HADOOP_HOME'], 'etc/hadoop/core-site.xml')478            cmd = f'grep -B 2 -A 1 \'hdfs://\' {core_site_file}'479            if app.print_cmd:480                print(cmd)481            call(cmd, shell=True)482        else:483            print('HADOOP_HOME environment variable not set!')484    def __alias(self):485        # alias alia=cmd [-h|-l|-c] [-option1, ...]486        if len(self.__cmd) == 1:487            self.__print_alias()488            return489        what = re.fullmatch(r'(?P<alia>\w+)\s*='490                            r'\s*(?P<cmd>\w+)(\s+-(?P<mode>[hlc]))?(?P<options>\s+-\w+)*', ' '.join(self.__cmd[1:]))491        if what:492            alia = what.group('alia')493            cmd = what.group('cmd')494            mode = what.group('mode')495            options = what.group('options').lstrip(' ')496            val = [cmd]497            if options:498                options = options.split(r'\s+')499                val += options500            if not mode or mode == 'h':501                self.__hdfs_alias[alia] = val502            elif mode == 'l':503                self.__local_alias[alia] = val504            elif mode == 'c':505                self.__common_alias[alia] = val506    def __print_alias(self):507        alias = self.__common_alias508        if app.is_hdfs_mode:509            alias.update(self.__hdfs_alias)510        else:511            alias.update(self.__local_alias)512        for k, v in alias.items():513            v = [i for i in v if len(i) > 0]514            print(f'alias {k}=' + ' '.join(v))515class Main:516    def main(self):517        while True:518            self.watcher().choice_layout()519            # cmd = input(self.path().prompt())520            print(f'\033[1;32;47m{self.path().prompt()}\033[0m', end='')521            self.__cmd.parse(input())522    def __init__(self):523        self.__hdfs = True524        self.print_cmd = args.cmd_print525        self.print_autocomp_words = args.log_print526        self.__cmd = Command()527        self.__path = Path()528        self.__addr = args.hdfs_address529        self.init()530        self.__watcher = PathWatcher(self.__cmd)531        self.__path.add_watcher(self.__watcher)532    def init(self):533        if self.__addr:534            if os.getenv('HADOOP_HOME'):535                core_site_file = os.path.join(os.environ['HADOOP_HOME'], 'etc/hadoop/core-site.xml')536                with open(core_site_file) as f:537                    core_site_conf = f.readlines()538                for row, line in enumerate(core_site_conf):539                    if line.find('hdfs://') != -1:540                        core_site_conf[row] = ' ' * 8 + f'<value>hdfs://{self.__addr}</value>\n'541                        break542                with open(core_site_file, 'w') as f:543                    f.writelines(core_site_conf)544            else:545                print('HADOOP_HOME environment variable not set!')546    @property547    def is_hdfs_mode(self):548        return self.__hdfs549    @is_hdfs_mode.setter550    def is_hdfs_mode(self, val):551        self.__hdfs = val552        self.path().mode(val)553    def path(self):554        return self.__path555    def watcher(self):556        return self.__watcher557def parse_args():558    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(formatter_class=argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter)559    parser.add_argument('-c', '--cmd-print', action='store_true', help='if print exec command')560    parser.add_argument('-l', '--log-print', action='store_true', help='if print auto completion candidate words')561    parser.add_argument('-s', '--hdfs-address', help='hdfs cluster address')562    parser.add_argument('-d', '--dyn-choices', action='store_true', help='if dynamic make choices')563    return parser.parse_args()564if __name__ == '__main__':565    try:566        args = parse_args()567        # print(args)568        app = Main()569        app.main()570    except (EOFError, KeyboardInterrupt):...

lcd.py

Source:lcd.py

1import RPi.GPIO as GPIO2import time3import os4GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)5GPIO.setwarnings(False)6## note=after calling GPIO.cleanup() function all data on display will get erase.7## You cannot use __send_data(), __send() functions and any variables used8## in all functions of this library. The functions which available for user is9## Print(note that capital P),clear,shift,begin,setCursor,blinkCursorOn,10## blinkCursorOff and The variables which available for user is right and left11## which used to indicated direction for shift the display.thanks for using12## this library. for more details or query you can mail me at13## shubham@electro-passion.com    14class lcd:15    right=True16    left=False17    __cmd=False18    __data=True19    def __send_data(self,value,signal):20        GPIO.output(self.__RS,signal)21        self.__send(value>>4)22        self.__send(value)23        time.sleep(0.001)        24        25    def __send(self,val):26        self.__val=val27        for i in range (0,4):28            GPIO.output(self.__D[i],((self.__val>>i)  & 0x01))29        GPIO.output(self.__EN,False)30        time.sleep(0.000001)31        GPIO.output(self.__EN,True)32        time.sleep(0.000001)33        GPIO.output(self.__EN,False)34        time.sleep(0.0001)35    def Print(self,text):36        self.__text=str(text)37        self.__length=len(self.__text)38        for i in range (0,self.__length):39            self.__a=ord(self.__text[i])40            self.__send_data(self.__a,self.__data)41    def clear(self):42        self.__send_data(0x01,self.__cmd)43		44    def setCursor(self,row,col):45        self.__col=col-146        self.__row=row47        if(self.__row==1):48            self.__pos=0x8049        if(self.__row==2):50            self.__pos=0xC051        self.__cursor=self.__pos+self.__col52        self.__send_data(self.__cursor,self.__cmd)   53        54    def begin(self,d4,d5,d6,d7,rs,en):55        self.__D=[d4,d5,d6,d7]56        self.__RS=rs57        self.__EN=en58        for i in range(0,4):59            GPIO.setup(self.__D[i],GPIO.OUT)60        GPIO.setup(self.__RS,GPIO.OUT)61        GPIO.setup(self.__EN,GPIO.OUT)62        time.sleep(0.050)63        self.__send_data(0x30,self.__cmd)##first try64        time.sleep(0.05)65        self.__send_data(0x30,self.__cmd)##sencond try66        time.sleep(0.05)67        self.__send_data(0x30,self.__cmd)##third try68        time.sleep(0.0015)69        self.__send_data(0x20,self.__cmd)##final go70        self.__send_data(0x28,self.__cmd)##select 4 bit, mode 2 lins ,5x7 font71        self.__send_data(0x01,self.__cmd)##clear screen72        self.__send_data(0x06,self.__cmd)##display ON73        self.__send_data(0x80,self.__cmd)## bring cursor to position 0 of line 174        self.__send_data(0x0C,self.__cmd)## turn display ON for cursor blinking75    def shift(self,direction,count):76        self.__direction=direction77        self.__count=count78        if(self.__direction==self.left):79            for i in range (0,self.__count):80                self.__send_data(0x18,self.__cmd)81                time.sleep(1)82        if(self.__direction==self.right):83             for i in range (0,self.__count):84                self.__send_data(0x1C,self.__cmd)85                time.sleep(1)86    def blinkCursorOn(self):87	    self.__send_data(0x0F,self.__cmd)88		89    def blinkCursorOff(self):...

Automation Testing Tutorials

Learn to execute automation testing from scratch with LambdaTest Learning Hub. Right from setting up the prerequisites to run your first automation test, to following best practices and diving deeper into advanced test scenarios. LambdaTest Learning Hubs compile a list of step-by-step guides to help you be proficient with different test automation frameworks i.e. Selenium, Cypress, TestNG etc.