TestMu Conference is Back! Future of Testing + AIRegister for Free

How to use prev method of token class

Best Atoum code snippet using token.prev

ExpressionListProcessor.php

Source:ExpressionListProcessor.php

...43class ExpressionListProcessor extends AbstractProcessor {44    public function process($tokens) {45        $resultList = array();46        $skip_next = false;47        $prev = new ExpressionToken();48        foreach ($tokens as $k => $v) {49            $curr = new ExpressionToken($k, $v);50            if ($curr->isWhitespaceToken()) {51                continue;52            }53            if ($skip_next) {54                // skip the next non-whitespace token55                $skip_next = false;56                continue;57            }58            /* is it a subquery? */59            if ($curr->isSubQueryToken()) {60                $processor = new DefaultProcessor();61                $curr->setSubTree($processor->process($this->removeParenthesisFromStart($curr->getTrim())));62                $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::SUBQUERY);63            } elseif ($curr->isEnclosedWithinParenthesis()) {64                /* is it an in-list? */65                $localTokenList = $this->splitSQLIntoTokens($this->removeParenthesisFromStart($curr->getTrim()));66                if ($prev->getUpper() === 'IN') {67                    foreach ($localTokenList as $k => $v) {68                        $tmpToken = new ExpressionToken($k, $v);69                        if ($tmpToken->isCommaToken()) {70                            unset($localTokenList[$k]);71                        }72                    }73                    $localTokenList = array_values($localTokenList);74                    $curr->setSubTree($this->process($localTokenList));75                    $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::IN_LIST);76                } elseif ($prev->getUpper() === 'AGAINST') {77                    $match_mode = false;78                    foreach ($localTokenList as $k => $v) {79                        $tmpToken = new ExpressionToken($k, $v);80                        switch ($tmpToken->getUpper()) {81                        case 'WITH':82                            $match_mode = 'WITH QUERY EXPANSION';83                            break;84                        case 'IN':85                            $match_mode = 'IN BOOLEAN MODE';86                            break;87                        default:88                        }89                        if ($match_mode !== false) {90                            unset($localTokenList[$k]);91                        }92                    }93                    $tmpToken = $this->process($localTokenList);94                    if ($match_mode !== false) {95                        $match_mode = new ExpressionToken(0, $match_mode);96                        $match_mode->setTokenType(ExpressionType::MATCH_MODE);97                        $tmpToken[] = $match_mode->toArray();98                    }99                    $curr->setSubTree($tmpToken);100                    $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::MATCH_ARGUMENTS);101                    $prev->setTokenType(ExpressionType::SIMPLE_FUNCTION);102                } elseif ($prev->isColumnReference() || $prev->isFunction() || $prev->isAggregateFunction()) {103                    // if we have a colref followed by a parenthesis pair,104                    // it isn't a colref, it is a user-function105                    // TODO: this should be a method, because we need the same code106                    // below for unspecified tokens (expressions).107                    $localExpr = new ExpressionToken();108                    $tmpExprList = array();109                    foreach ($localTokenList as $k => $v) {110                        $tmpToken = new ExpressionToken($k, $v);111                        if (!$tmpToken->isCommaToken()) {112                            $localExpr->addToken($v);113                            $tmpExprList[] = $v;114                        } else {115                            // an expression could have multiple parts split by operands116                            // if we have a comma, it is a split-point for expressions117                            $tmpExprList = array_values($tmpExprList);118                            $localExprList = $this->process($tmpExprList);119                            if (count($localExprList) > 1) {120                                $localExpr->setSubTree($localExprList);121                                $localExpr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::EXPRESSION);122                                $localExprList = $localExpr->toArray();123                                $localExprList['alias'] = false;124                                $localExprList = array($localExprList);125                            }126                            if (!$curr->getSubTree()) {127                                $curr->setSubTree($localExprList);128                            } else {129                                $tmpExprList = $curr->getSubTree();130                                $curr->setSubTree(array_merge($tmpExprList, $localExprList));131                            }132                            $tmpExprList = array();133                            $localExpr = new ExpressionToken();134                        }135                    }136                    $tmpExprList = array_values($tmpExprList);137                    $localExprList = $this->process($tmpExprList);138                    if (count($localExprList) > 1) {139                        $localExpr->setSubTree($localExprList);140                        $localExpr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::EXPRESSION);141                        $localExprList = $localExpr->toArray();142                        $localExprList['alias'] = false;143                        $localExprList = array($localExprList);144                    }145                    if (!$curr->getSubTree()) {146                        $curr->setSubTree($localExprList);147                    } else {148                        $tmpExprList = $curr->getSubTree();149                        $curr->setSubTree(array_merge($tmpExprList, $localExprList));150                    }151                    $prev->setSubTree($curr->getSubTree());152                    if ($prev->isColumnReference()) {153                        $prev->setTokenType(ExpressionType::SIMPLE_FUNCTION);154                        $prev->setNoQuotes(null);155                    }156                    array_pop($resultList);157                    $curr = $prev;158                }159                // we have parenthesis, but it seems to be an expression160                if ($curr->isUnspecified()) {161                    // TODO: the localTokenList could contain commas and further expressions,162                    // we must handle that like function parameters (see above)!163                    // this should solve issue 51164                    $curr->setSubTree($this->process($localTokenList));165                    $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::BRACKET_EXPRESSION);166                }167            } elseif ($curr->isVariableToken()) {168                # a variable169                # it can be quoted170                $curr->setTokenType($this->getVariableType($curr->getUpper()));171                $curr->setSubTree(false);172                $curr->setNoQuotes(trim(trim($curr->getToken()), '@'), "`'\"");173            } else {174                /* it is either an operator, a colref or a constant */175                switch ($curr->getUpper()) {176                case '*':177                    $curr->setSubTree(false); // o subtree178                    // single or first element of expression list -> all-column-alias179                    if (empty($resultList)) {180                        $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::COLREF);181                        break;182                    }183                    // if the last token is colref, const or expression184                    // then * is an operator185                    // but if the previous colref ends with a dot, the * is the all-columns-alias186                    if (!$prev->isColumnReference() && !$prev->isConstant() && !$prev->isExpression()187                            && !$prev->isBracketExpression() && !$prev->isAggregateFunction() && !$prev->isVariable()) {188                        $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::COLREF);189                        break;190                    }191                    if ($prev->isColumnReference() && $prev->endsWith(".")) {192                        $prev->addToken('*'); // tablealias dot *193                        continue 2; // skip the current token194                    }195                    $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::OPERATOR);196                    break;197                case ':=':198                case 'AND':199                case '&&':200                case 'BETWEEN':201                case 'AND':202                case 'BINARY':203                case '&':204                case '~':205                case '|':206                case '^':207                case 'DIV':208                case '/':209                case '<=>':210                case '=':211                case '>=':212                case '>':213                case 'IS':214                case 'NOT':215                case '<<':216                case '<=':217                case '<':218                case 'LIKE':219                case '%':220                case '!=':221                case '<>':222                case 'REGEXP':223                case '!':224                case '||':225                case 'OR':226                case '>>':227                case 'RLIKE':228                case 'SOUNDS':229                case 'XOR':230                case 'IN':231                    $curr->setSubTree(false);232                    $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::OPERATOR);233                    break;234                case 'NULL':235                    $curr->setSubTree(false);236                    $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::CONSTANT);237                    break;238                case '-':239                case '+':240                // differ between preceding sign and operator241                    $curr->setSubTree(false);242                    if ($prev->isColumnReference() || $prev->isFunction() || $prev->isAggregateFunction()243                            || $prev->isConstant() || $prev->isSubQuery() || $prev->isExpression()244                            || $prev->isBracketExpression() || $prev->isVariable()) {245                        $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::OPERATOR);246                    } else {247                        $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::SIGN);248                    }249                    break;250                default:251                    $curr->setSubTree(false);252                    switch ($curr->getToken(0)) {253                    case "'":254                    case '"':255                    // it is a string literal256                        $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::CONSTANT);257                        break;258                    case '`':259                    // it is an escaped colum name260                        $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::COLREF);261                        $curr->setNoQuotes($curr->getToken());262                        break;263                    default:264                        if (is_numeric($curr->getToken())) {265                            if ($prev->isSign()) {266                                $prev->addToken($curr->getToken()); // it is a negative numeric constant267                                $prev->setTokenType(ExpressionType::CONSTANT);268                                continue 3;269                                // skip current token270                            } else {271                                $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::CONSTANT);272                            }273                        } else {274                            $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::COLREF);275                            $curr->setNoQuotes($curr->getToken());276                        }277                        break;278                    }279                }280            }281            /* is a reserved word? */282            if (!$curr->isOperator() && !$curr->isInList() && !$curr->isFunction() && !$curr->isAggregateFunction()283                    && PHPSQLParserConstants::isReserved($curr->getUpper())) {284                if (PHPSQLParserConstants::isAggregateFunction($curr->getUpper())) {285                    $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::AGGREGATE_FUNCTION);286                    $curr->setNoQuotes(null);287                } elseif ($curr->getUpper() === 'NULL') {288                    // it is a reserved word, but we would like to set it as constant289                    $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::CONSTANT);290                } else {291                    if (PHPSQLParserConstants::isParameterizedFunction($curr->getUpper())) {292                        // issue 60: check functions with parameters293                        // -> colref (we check parameters later)294                        // -> if there is no parameter, we leave the colref295                        $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::COLREF);296                    } elseif (PHPSQLParserConstants::isFunction($curr->getUpper())) {297                        $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::SIMPLE_FUNCTION);298                        $curr->setNoQuotes(null);299                    } else {300                        $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::RESERVED);301                        $curr->setNoQuotes(null);302                    }303                }304            }305            // issue 94, INTERVAL 1 MONTH306            if ($curr->isConstant() && PHPSQLParserConstants::isParameterizedFunction($prev->getUpper())) {307                $prev->setTokenType(ExpressionType::RESERVED);308                $prev->setNoQuotes(null);309            }310            if ($prev->isConstant() && PHPSQLParserConstants::isParameterizedFunction($curr->getUpper())) {311                $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::RESERVED);312                $curr->setNoQuotes(null);313            }314            if ($curr->isUnspecified()) {315                $curr->setTokenType(ExpressionType::EXPRESSION);316                $curr->setNoQuotes(null);317                $curr->setSubTree($this->process($this->splitSQLIntoTokens($curr->getTrim())));318            }319            $resultList[] = $curr;320            $prev = $curr;321        } // end of for-loop322        return $this->toArray($resultList);323    }324}325?>...

SQLProcessor.php

Source:SQLProcessor.php

...43     * This function breaks up the SQL statement into logical sections. 44     * Some sections are then further handled by specialized processors.45     */46    public function process($tokens) {47        $prev_category = "";48        $token_category = "";49        $skip_next = 0;50        $out = false;51        $tokenCount = count($tokens);52        for ($tokenNumber = 0; $tokenNumber < $tokenCount; ++$tokenNumber) {53            $token = $tokens[$tokenNumber];54            $trim = trim($token); // this removes also \n and \t!55            // if it starts with an "(", it should follow a SELECT56            if ($trim !== "" && $trim[0] === "(" && $token_category === "") {57                $token_category = 'SELECT';58            }59            /*60             * If it isn't obvious, when $skip_next is set, then we ignore the next real token, that is we ignore whitespace.61             */62            if ($skip_next > 0) {63                if ($trim === "") {64                    if ($token_category !== "") { # is this correct??65                        $out[$token_category][] = $token;66                    }67                    continue;68                }69                #to skip the token we replace it with whitespace70                $trim = "";71                $token = "";72                $skip_next--;73                if ($skip_next > 0) {74                    continue;75                }76            }77            $upper = strtoupper($trim);78            switch ($upper) {79            /* Tokens that get their own sections. These keywords have subclauses. */80            case 'SELECT':81            case 'ORDER':82            case 'DUPLICATE':83            case 'VALUES':84            case 'GROUP':85            case 'HAVING':86            case 'WHERE':87            case 'CALL':88            case 'PROCEDURE':89            case 'FUNCTION':90            case 'SERVER':91            case 'LOGFILE':92            case 'DEFINER':93            case 'RETURNS':94            case 'TABLESPACE':95            case 'TRIGGER':96            case 'DO':97            case 'FLUSH':98            case 'KILL':99            case 'RESET':100            case 'STOP':101            case 'PURGE':102            case 'EXECUTE':103            case 'PREPARE':104            case 'DEALLOCATE':105                if ($trim === 'DEALLOCATE') {106                    $skip_next = 1;107                }108                $token_category = $upper;109                break;110            case 'SET':111                if ($token_category !== 'TABLE') {112                    $token_category = $upper;113                }114                break;115            case 'LIMIT':116            case 'PLUGIN':117            # no separate section118                if ($token_category === 'SHOW') {119                    continue;120                }121                $token_category = $upper;122                break;123            case 'FROM':124            # this FROM is different from FROM in other DML (not join related)125                if ($token_category === 'PREPARE') {126                    continue 2;127                }128                # no separate section129                if ($token_category === 'SHOW') {130                    continue;131                }132                $token_category = $upper;133                break;134            case 'EXPLAIN':135            case 'DESCRIBE':136            case 'SHOW':137                $token_category = $upper;138                break;139                140            case 'DESC':141                if ($token_category === '') {142                    // short version of DESCRIBE143                    $token_category = $upper;144                }145                // else direction of ORDER-BY146                break;147            case 'RENAME':148            // jump over TABLE keyword149                $token_category = $upper;150                $skip_next = 1;151                continue 2;152            case 'DATABASE':153            case 'SCHEMA':154                if ($prev_category === 'DROP') {155                    continue;156                }157                if ($prev_category === 'SHOW') {158                    continue;159                }160                $token_category = $upper;161                break;162            case 'EVENT':163            // issue 71164                if ($prev_category === 'DROP' || $prev_category === 'ALTER' || $prev_category === 'CREATE') {165                    $token_category = $upper;166                }167                break;168            case 'DATA':169            // prevent wrong handling of DATA as keyword170                if ($prev_category === 'LOAD') {171                    $token_category = $upper;172                }173                break;174            case 'INTO':175            // prevent wrong handling of CACHE within LOAD INDEX INTO CACHE...176                if ($prev_category === 'LOAD') {177                    $out[$prev_category][] = $upper;178                    continue 2;179                }180                $token_category = $upper;181                break;182            case 'USER':183            // prevent wrong processing as keyword184                if ($prev_category === 'CREATE' || $prev_category === 'RENAME' || $prev_category === 'DROP') {185                    $token_category = $upper;186                }187                break;188            case 'VIEW':189            // prevent wrong processing as keyword190                if ($prev_category === 'CREATE' || $prev_category === 'ALTER' || $prev_category === 'DROP') {191                    $token_category = $upper;192                }193                break;194            /*195             * These tokens get their own section, but have no subclauses. These tokens identify the statement but have no specific subclauses of their own.196             */197            case 'DELETE':198            case 'ALTER':199            case 'INSERT':200            case 'TRUNCATE':201            case 'OPTIMIZE':202            case 'GRANT':203            case 'REVOKE':204            case 'HANDLER':205            case 'LOAD':206            case 'ROLLBACK':207            case 'SAVEPOINT':208            case 'UNLOCK':209            case 'INSTALL':210            case 'UNINSTALL':211            case 'ANALZYE':212            case 'BACKUP':213            case 'CHECKSUM':214            case 'REPAIR':215            case 'RESTORE':216            case 'USE':217            case 'HELP':218                $token_category = $upper;219                // set the category in case these get subclauses in a future version of MySQL220                $out[$upper][0] = $upper;221                continue 2;222            case 'REPLACE':223                if ($prev_category === 'TABLE') {224                    # part of the CREATE TABLE statement225                    $out[$prev_category][] = $upper;226                    continue 2;227                }228                // set the category in case these get subclauses in a future version of MySQL229                $token_category = $upper;230                $out[$upper][0] = $upper;231                continue 2;232            case 'IGNORE':233                if ($prev_category === 'TABLE') {234                    # part of the CREATE TABLE statement235                    $out[$prev_category][] = $upper;236                    continue 2;237                }238                $out['OPTIONS'][] = $upper;239                continue 2;240                break;241            case 'CHECK':242                if ($prev_category === 'TABLE') {243                    $out[$prev_category][] = $upper;244                    continue 2;245                }246                $token_category = $upper;247                $out[$upper][0] = $upper;248                continue 2;249            case 'CREATE':250                if ($prev_category === 'SHOW') {251                    continue;252                }253                $token_category = $upper;254                break;255            case 'TABLE':256                if ($prev_category === 'CREATE') {257                    $out[$prev_category][] = $upper;258                    $token_category = $upper;259                }260                break;261            case 'TEMPORARY':262                if ($prev_category === 'CREATE') {263                    $out[$prev_category][] = $upper;264                    $token_category = $prev_category;265                    continue 2;266                }267                break;268            case 'IF':269                if ($prev_category === 'TABLE') {270                    $token_category = 'CREATE';271                    $out[$token_category] = array_merge($out[$token_category], $out[$prev_category]);272                    $out[$prev_category] = array();273                    $out[$token_category][] = $upper;274                    $prev_category = $token_category;275                    continue 2;276                }277                break;278            case 'NOT':279                if ($prev_category === 'CREATE') {280                    $token_category = $prev_category;281                    $out[$prev_category][] = $upper;282                    continue 2;283                }284                break;285            case 'EXISTS':286                if ($prev_category === 'CREATE') {287                    $out[$prev_category][] = $upper;288                    $prev_category = $token_category = 'TABLE';289                    continue 2;290                }291                break;292            case 'CACHE':293                if ($prev_category === "" || $prev_category === 'RESET' || $prev_category === 'FLUSH'294                        || $prev_category === 'LOAD') {295                    $token_category = $upper;296                    continue 2;297                }298                break;299            /* This is either LOCK TABLES or SELECT ... LOCK IN SHARE MODE */300            case 'LOCK':301                if ($token_category === "") {302                    $token_category = $upper;303                    $out[$upper][0] = $upper;304                } else {305                    $trim = 'LOCK IN SHARE MODE';306                    $skip_next = 3;307                    $out['OPTIONS'][] = $trim;308                }309                continue 2;310                break;311            case 'USING': /* USING in FROM clause is different from USING w/ prepared statement*/312                if ($token_category === 'EXECUTE') {313                    $token_category = $upper;314                    continue 2;315                }316                if ($token_category === 'FROM' && !empty($out['DELETE'])) {317                    $token_category = $upper;318                    continue 2;319                }320                break;321            /* DROP TABLE is different from ALTER TABLE DROP ... */322            case 'DROP':323                if ($token_category !== 'ALTER') {324                    $token_category = $upper;325                    continue 2;326                }327                break;328            case 'FOR':329                if ($prev_category === 'SHOW') {330                    continue;331                }332                $skip_next = 1;333                $out['OPTIONS'][] = 'FOR UPDATE';334                continue 2;335                break;336            case 'UPDATE':337                if ($token_category === "") {338                    $token_category = $upper;339                    continue 2;340                }341                if ($token_category === 'DUPLICATE') {342                    continue 2;343                }344                break;345            case 'START':346                $trim = "BEGIN";347                $out[$upper][0] = $upper;348                $skip_next = 1;349                break;350            /* These tokens are ignored. */351            case 'TO':352                if ($token_category === 'RENAME') {353                    break;354                }355            case 'BY':356            case 'ALL':357            case 'SHARE':358            case 'MODE':359            case ';':360                continue 2;361                break;362            case 'KEY':363                if ($token_category === 'DUPLICATE') {364                    continue 2;365                }366                break;367            /* These tokens set particular options for the statement. They never stand alone. */368            case 'LOW_PRIORITY':369            case 'DELAYED':370            case 'FORCE':371            case 'QUICK':372                $out['OPTIONS'][] = $upper;373                continue 2;374                break;375            case 'WITH':376                if ($token_category === 'GROUP') {377                    $skip_next = 1;378                    $out['OPTIONS'][] = 'WITH ROLLUP';379                    continue 2;380                }381                break;382            case 'AS':383                break;384            case '':385            case ',':386            case ';':387                break;388            default:389                break;390            }391            // remove obsolete category after union (empty category because of392            // empty token before select)393            if ($token_category !== "" && ($prev_category === $token_category)) {394                $out[$token_category][] = $token;395            }396            $prev_category = $token_category;397        }398        return parent::process($out);399    }400}401?>...

Using AI Code Generation

1$token = new Token();2$token->prev();3$token = new Token();4$token->next();5$token = new Token();6$token->current();7$token = new Token();8$token->key();9$token = new Token();10$token->valid();11$token = new Token();12$token->rewind();13$token = new Token();14$token->count();15$token = new Token();16$token->offsetExists();17$token = new Token();18$token->offsetGet();19$token = new Token();20$token->offsetSet();21$token = new Token();22$token->offsetUnset();23$token = new Token();24$token->getIterator();25$token = new Token();26$token->serialize();27$token = new Token();28$token->unserialize();29$token = new Token();30$token->__toString();31$token = new Token();32$token->__debugInfo();33$token = new Token();34$token->__sleep();

Using AI Code Generation

1$tokens = token_get_all($code);2$token = new Token($tokens);3while ($token->next()) {4    if ($token->is(T_FUNCTION)) {5        $token->next();6        echo $token->text() . "7";8    }9}10$tokens = token_get_all($code);11$token = new Token($tokens);12while ($token->prev()) {13    if ($token->is(T_FUNCTION)) {14        $token->next();15        echo $token->text() . "16";17    }18}19$tokens = token_get_all($code);20$token = new Token($tokens);21$token->next();22while ($token->next()) {23    if ($token->is(T_FUNCTION)) {24        $token->next();25        echo $token->text() . "26";27    }28}29$tokens = token_get_all($code);30$token = new Token($tokens);31$token->next();32while ($token->next()) {33    if ($token->is(T_FUNCTION)) {34        $token->next();35        echo $token->text() . "36";37    }38}39$tokens = token_get_all($code);40$token = new Token($tokens);41$token->next();42while ($token->next()) {43    if ($token->is(T_FUNCTION)) {44        $token->next();45        echo $token->text() . "46";47    }48}49$tokens = token_get_all($code);50$token = new Token($tokens);51$token->next();52while ($token->next()) {53    if ($token->is(T_FUNCTION)) {54        $token->next();55        echo $token->text() . "56";57    }58}59$tokens = token_get_all($code);60$token = new Token($tokens);61$token->next();62while ($token->next()) {63    if ($token->is(T_FUNCTION)) {64        $token->next();65        echo $token->text() . "66";67    }68}

Using AI Code Generation

1$token = new Token();2$token->prev();3$token->next();4$token->current();5Next Token: (6Current Token: (7Prev Token: (8Next Token: ;9Current Token: ;10Prev Token: ;11Next Token: (12Current Token: (13Prev Token: (14Next Token: ;15Current Token: ;16Prev Token: ;17Next Token: (18Current Token: (19Prev Token: (20Next Token: ;21Current Token: ;22Prev Token: ;

Using AI Code Generation

1$token = new Token;2$token = new Token;3$token = new Token;4$token = new Token;5$token = new Token;6$token = new Token;7$token = new Token;

Using AI Code Generation

1$token = $tokens->current();2while ($token->getType() != T_WHITESPACE) {3    $token = $tokens->prev();4}5echo $token->getName() . ' ' . $token->getValue() . '6';7$token = $tokens->current();8while ($token->getType() != T_WHITESPACE) {9    $token = $tokens->next();10}11echo $token->getName() . ' ' . $token->getValue() . '12';13$token = $tokens->rewind();14echo $token->getName() . ' ' . $token->getValue() . '15';16$token = $tokens->seek(10);17echo $token->getName() . ' ' . $token->getValue() . '18';19$token = $tokens->current();20echo $token->getName() . ' ' . $token->getValue() . '21';22$token = $tokens->current();23echo $tokens->key() . '24';25$token = $tokens->current();26echo $tokens->valid() . '27';28$token = $tokens->current();29echo $tokens->count()

Automation Testing Tutorials

Learn to execute automation testing from scratch with LambdaTest Learning Hub. Right from setting up the prerequisites to run your first automation test, to following best practices and diving deeper into advanced test scenarios. LambdaTest Learning Hubs compile a list of step-by-step guides to help you be proficient with different test automation frameworks i.e. Selenium, Cypress, TestNG etc.