How to use session method of Selenium.WebDriver Package

Best Selenium code snippet using Selenium.WebDriver.session

driver.rb

Source:driver.rb

...5  include Capybara::Selenium::Find6  DEFAULT_OPTIONS = {7    browser: :firefox,8    clear_local_storage: nil,9    clear_session_storage: nil10  }.freeze11  SPECIAL_OPTIONS = %i[browser clear_local_storage clear_session_storage timeout native_displayed].freeze12  CAPS_VERSION = Gem::Requirement.new('~> 4.0.0.alpha6')13  attr_reader :app, :options14  class << self15    attr_reader :selenium_webdriver_version16    def load_selenium17      require 'selenium-webdriver'18      require 'capybara/selenium/logger_suppressor'19      require 'capybara/selenium/patches/atoms'20      require 'capybara/selenium/patches/is_displayed'21      require 'capybara/selenium/patches/action_pauser'22      # Look up the version of `selenium-webdriver` to23      # see if it's a version we support.24      #25      # By default, we use Gem.loaded_specs to determine26      # the version number. However, in some cases, such27      # as when loading `selenium-webdriver` outside of28      # Rubygems, we fall back to referencing29      # Selenium::WebDriver::VERSION. Ideally we'd30      # use the constant in all cases, but earlier versions31      # of `selenium-webdriver` didn't provide the constant.32      @selenium_webdriver_version =33        if Gem.loaded_specs['selenium-webdriver']34          Gem.loaded_specs['selenium-webdriver'].version35        else36          Gem::Version.new(Selenium::WebDriver::VERSION)37        end38      unless Gem::Requirement.new('>= 3.5.0').satisfied_by? @selenium_webdriver_version39        warn "Warning: You're using an unsupported version of selenium-webdriver, please upgrade."40      end41      @selenium_webdriver_version42    rescue LoadError => e43      raise e unless e.message.include?('selenium-webdriver')44      raise LoadError, "Capybara's selenium driver is unable to load `selenium-webdriver`, please install the gem and add `gem 'selenium-webdriver'` to your Gemfile if you are using bundler."45    end46    attr_reader :specializations47    def register_specialization(browser_name, specialization)48      @specializations ||= {}49      @specializations[browser_name] = specialization50    end51  end52  def browser53    unless @browser54      options[:http_client] ||= begin55        require 'capybara/selenium/patches/persistent_client'56        if options[:timeout]57          ::Capybara::Selenium::PersistentClient.new(read_timeout: options[:timeout])58        else59          ::Capybara::Selenium::PersistentClient.new60        end61      end62      processed_options = options.reject { |key, _val| SPECIAL_OPTIONS.include?(key) }63      @browser = if options[:browser] == :firefox &&64                    RUBY_VERSION >= '3.0' &&65                    Capybara::Selenium::Driver.selenium_webdriver_version <= Gem::Version.new('4.0.0.alpha1')66        # selenium-webdriver 3.x doesn't correctly pass options through for Firefox with Ruby 3 so workaround that67        Selenium::WebDriver::Firefox::Driver.new(**processed_options)68      else69        Selenium::WebDriver.for(options[:browser], processed_options)70      end71      specialize_driver72      setup_exit_handler73    end74    @browser75  end76  def initialize(app, **options)77    super()78    self.class.load_selenium79    @app = app80    @browser = nil81    @exit_status = nil82    @frame_handles = Hash.new { |hash, handle| hash[handle] = [] }83    @options = DEFAULT_OPTIONS.merge(options)84    @node_class = ::Capybara::Selenium::Node85  end86  def visit(path)87    browser.navigate.to(path)88  end89  def refresh90    browser.navigate.refresh91  end92  def go_back93    browser.navigate.back94  end95  def go_forward96    browser.navigate.forward97  end98  def html99    browser.page_source100  rescue Selenium::WebDriver::Error::JavascriptError => e101    raise unless e.message.include?('documentElement is null')102  end103  def title104    browser.title105  end106  def current_url107    browser.current_url108  end109  def wait?; true; end110  def needs_server?; true; end111  def execute_script(script, *args)112    browser.execute_script(script, *native_args(args))113  end114  def evaluate_script(script, *args)115    result = execute_script("return #{script}", *args)116    unwrap_script_result(result)117  end118  def evaluate_async_script(script, *args)119    browser.manage.timeouts.script_timeout = Capybara.default_max_wait_time120    result = browser.execute_async_script(script, *native_args(args))121    unwrap_script_result(result)122  end123  def send_keys(*args)124    active_element.send_keys(*args)125  end126  def save_screenshot(path, **_options)127    browser.save_screenshot(path)128  end129  def reset!130    # Use instance variable directly so we avoid starting the browser just to reset the session131    return unless @browser132    navigated = false133    timer = Capybara::Helpers.timer(expire_in: 10)134    begin135      # Only trigger a navigation if we haven't done it already, otherwise it136      # can trigger an endless series of unload modals137      reset_browser_state unless navigated138      navigated = true139      # Ensure the page is empty and trigger an UnhandledAlertError for any modals that appear during unload140      wait_for_empty_page(timer)141    rescue *unhandled_alert_errors142      # This error is thrown if an unhandled alert is on the page143      # Firefox appears to automatically dismiss this alert, chrome does not144      # We'll try to accept it145      accept_unhandled_reset_alert146      # try cleaning up the browser again147      retry148    end149  end150  def frame_obscured_at?(x:, y:)151    frame = @frame_handles[current_window_handle].last152    return false unless frame153    switch_to_frame(:parent)154    begin155      frame.base.obscured?(x: x, y: y)156    ensure157      switch_to_frame(frame)158    end159  end160  def switch_to_frame(frame)161    handles = @frame_handles[current_window_handle]162    case frame163    when :top164      handles.clear165      browser.switch_to.default_content166    when :parent167      handles.pop168      browser.switch_to.parent_frame169    else170      handles << frame171      browser.switch_to.frame(frame.native)172    end173  end174  def current_window_handle175    browser.window_handle176  end177  def window_size(handle)178    within_given_window(handle) do179      size = browser.manage.window.size180      [size.width, size.height]181    end182  end183  def resize_window_to(handle, width, height)184    within_given_window(handle) do185      browser.manage.window.resize_to(width, height)186    end187  end188  def maximize_window(handle)189    within_given_window(handle) do190      browser.manage.window.maximize191    end192    sleep 0.1 # work around for https://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=7405193  end194  def fullscreen_window(handle)195    within_given_window(handle) do196      browser.manage.window.full_screen197    end198  end199  def close_window(handle)200    raise ArgumentError, 'Not allowed to close the primary window' if handle == window_handles.first201    within_given_window(handle) do202      browser.close203    end204  end205  def window_handles206    browser.window_handles207  end208  def open_new_window(kind = :tab)209    browser.manage.new_window(kind)210  rescue NoMethodError, Selenium::WebDriver::Error::WebDriverError211    # If not supported by the driver or browser default to using JS212    browser.execute_script('window.open();')213  end214  def switch_to_window(handle)215    browser.switch_to.window handle216  end217  def accept_modal(_type, **options)218    yield if block_given?219    modal = find_modal(**options)220    modal.send_keys options[:with] if options[:with]221    message = modal.text222    modal.accept223    message224  end225  def dismiss_modal(_type, **options)226    yield if block_given?227    modal = find_modal(**options)228    message = modal.text229    modal.dismiss230    message231  end232  def quit233    @browser&.quit234  rescue Selenium::WebDriver::Error::SessionNotCreatedError, Errno::ECONNREFUSED,235         Selenium::WebDriver::Error::InvalidSessionIdError236    # Browser must have already gone237  rescue Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnknownError => e238    unless silenced_unknown_error_message?(e.message) # Most likely already gone239      # probably already gone but not sure - so warn240      warn "Ignoring Selenium UnknownError during driver quit: #{e.message}"241    end242  ensure243    @browser = nil244  end245  def invalid_element_errors246    @invalid_element_errors ||= begin247      [248        ::Selenium::WebDriver::Error::StaleElementReferenceError,249        ::Selenium::WebDriver::Error::ElementNotInteractableError,250        ::Selenium::WebDriver::Error::InvalidSelectorError, # Work around chromedriver go_back/go_forward race condition251        ::Selenium::WebDriver::Error::ElementClickInterceptedError,252        ::Selenium::WebDriver::Error::NoSuchElementError, # IE253        ::Selenium::WebDriver::Error::InvalidArgumentError # IE254      ].tap do |errors|255        unless selenium_4?256          ::Selenium::WebDriver.logger.suppress_deprecations do257            errors.concat [258              ::Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnhandledError,259              ::Selenium::WebDriver::Error::ElementNotVisibleError,260              ::Selenium::WebDriver::Error::InvalidElementStateError,261              ::Selenium::WebDriver::Error::ElementNotSelectableError262            ]263          end264        end265      end266    end267  end268  def no_such_window_error269    Selenium::WebDriver::Error::NoSuchWindowError270  end271private272  def selenium_4?273    defined?(Selenium::WebDriver::VERSION) && (Selenium::WebDriver::VERSION.to_f >= 4)274  end275  def native_args(args)276    args.map { |arg| arg.is_a?(Capybara::Selenium::Node) ? arg.native : arg }277  end278  def clear_browser_state279    delete_all_cookies280    clear_storage281  rescue *clear_browser_state_errors282    # delete_all_cookies fails when we've previously gone283    # to about:blank, so we rescue this error and do nothing284    # instead.285  end286  def clear_browser_state_errors287    @clear_browser_state_errors ||= [Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnknownError]288  end289  def unhandled_alert_errors290    @unhandled_alert_errors ||= with_legacy_error(291      [Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnexpectedAlertOpenError],292      'UnhandledAlertError'293    )294  end295  def delete_all_cookies296    @browser.manage.delete_all_cookies297  end298  def clear_storage299    clear_session_storage unless options[:clear_session_storage] == false300    clear_local_storage unless options[:clear_local_storage] == false301  rescue Selenium::WebDriver::Error::JavascriptError302    # session/local storage may not be available if on non-http pages (e.g. about:blank)303  end304  def clear_session_storage305    if @browser.respond_to? :session_storage306      @browser.session_storage.clear307    else308      begin309        @browser&.execute_script('window.sessionStorage.clear()')310      rescue # rubocop:disable Style/RescueStandardError311        unless options[:clear_session_storage].nil?312          warn 'sessionStorage clear requested but is not supported by this driver'313        end314      end315    end316  end317  def clear_local_storage318    if @browser.respond_to? :local_storage319      @browser.local_storage.clear320    else321      begin322        @browser&.execute_script('window.localStorage.clear()')323      rescue # rubocop:disable Style/RescueStandardError324        unless options[:clear_local_storage].nil?325          warn 'localStorage clear requested but is not supported by this driver'326        end327      end328    end329  end330  def navigate_with_accept(url)331    @browser.navigate.to(url)332    sleep 0.1 # slight wait for alert333    @browser.switch_to.alert.accept334  rescue modal_error335    # alert now gone, should mean navigation happened336  end337  def modal_error338    Selenium::WebDriver::Error::NoSuchAlertError339  end340  def within_given_window(handle)341    original_handle = current_window_handle342    if handle == original_handle343      yield344    else345      switch_to_window(handle)346      result = yield347      switch_to_window(original_handle)348      result349    end350  end351  def find_modal(text: nil, **options)352    # Selenium has its own built in wait (2 seconds)for a modal to show up, so this wait is really the minimum time353    # Actual wait time may be longer than specified354    wait = Selenium::WebDriver::Wait.new(355      timeout: options.fetch(:wait, session_options.default_max_wait_time) || 0,356      ignore: modal_error357    )358    begin359      wait.until do360        alert = @browser.switch_to.alert361        regexp = text.is_a?(Regexp) ? text : Regexp.new(Regexp.escape(text.to_s))362        matched = alert.text.match?(regexp)363        unless matched364          raise Capybara::ModalNotFound, "Unable to find modal dialog with #{text} - found '#{alert.text}' instead."365        end366        alert367      end368    rescue *find_modal_errors369      raise Capybara::ModalNotFound, "Unable to find modal dialog#{" with #{text}" if text}"370    end371  end372  def find_modal_errors373    @find_modal_errors ||= with_legacy_error([Selenium::WebDriver::Error::TimeoutError], 'TimeOutError')374  end375  def with_legacy_error(errors, legacy_error)376    errors.tap do |errs|377      unless selenium_4?378        ::Selenium::WebDriver.logger.suppress_deprecations do379          errs << Selenium::WebDriver::Error.const_get(legacy_error)380        end381      end382    end383  end384  def silenced_unknown_error_message?(msg)385    silenced_unknown_error_messages.any? { |regex| msg.match? regex }386  end387  def silenced_unknown_error_messages388    [/Error communicating with the remote browser/]389  end390  def unwrap_script_result(arg)391    case arg392    when Array393      arg.map { |arr| unwrap_script_result(arr) }394    when Hash395      arg.transform_values! { |value| unwrap_script_result(value) }396    when Selenium::WebDriver::Element397      build_node(arg)398    else399      arg400    end401  end402  def find_context403    browser404  end405  def active_element406    browser.switch_to.active_element407  end408  def build_node(native_node, initial_cache = {})409    ::Capybara::Selenium::Node.new(self, native_node, initial_cache)410  end411  def bridge412    browser.send(:bridge)413  end414  def specialize_driver415    browser_type = browser.browser416    Capybara::Selenium::Driver.specializations.select { |k, _v| k === browser_type }.each_value do |specialization| # rubocop:disable Style/CaseEquality417      extend specialization418    end419  end420  def setup_exit_handler421    main = Process.pid422    at_exit do423      # Store the exit status of the test run since it goes away after calling the at_exit proc...424      @exit_status = $ERROR_INFO.status if $ERROR_INFO.is_a?(SystemExit)425      quit if Process.pid == main426      exit @exit_status if @exit_status # Force exit with stored status427    end428  end429  def reset_browser_state430    clear_browser_state431    @browser.navigate.to('about:blank')432  end433  def wait_for_empty_page(timer)434    until find_xpath('/html/body/*').empty?435      raise Capybara::ExpectationNotMet, 'Timed out waiting for Selenium session reset' if timer.expired?436      sleep 0.01437      # It has been observed that it is possible that asynchronous JS code in438      # the application under test can navigate the browser away from about:blank439      # if the timing is just right. Ensure we are still at about:blank...440      @browser.navigate.to('about:blank') unless current_url == 'about:blank'441    end442  end443  def accept_unhandled_reset_alert444    @browser.switch_to.alert.accept445    sleep 0.25 # allow time for the modal to be handled446  rescue modal_error447    # The alert is now gone.448    # If navigation has not occurred attempt again and accept alert449    # since FF may have dismissed the alert at first attempt....

session

Using AI Code Generation

1driver.find_element(:name, 'q').send_keys "Hello"2driver.find_element(:name, 'btnK').click3driver.find_element(:name, 'q').send_keys "Hello"4driver.find_element(:name, 'btnK').click5driver.find_element(:name, 'q').send_keys "Hello"6driver.find_element(:name, 'btnK').click7driver.find_element(:name, 'q').send_keys "Hello"8driver.find_element(:name, 'btnK').click9driver.find_element(:name, 'q').send_keys "

session

Using AI Code Generation

1driver.find_element(:name, 'q').send_keys "Selenium WebDriver"2driver.find_element(:name, 'btnG').click3driver.find_element(:name, 'q').send_keys "Selenium WebDriver"4driver.find_element(:name, 'btnG').click5driver.find_element(:link, 'Selenium WebDriver').click

session

Using AI Code Generation

1using System;2using OpenQA.Selenium;3using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;4{5    {6        static void Main(string[] args)7        {8            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();9            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.google.com");10            Console.WriteLine(driver.SessionId);11            driver.Quit();12        }13    }14}15from selenium import webdriver16driver = webdriver.Chrome()17driver.get("https://www.google.com")18print(driver.session_id)19driver.quit()20import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;21import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;22public class SessionId {23    public static void main(String[] args) {24        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "path/to/chromedriver");25        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();26        driver.get("https://www.google.com");27        System.out.println(driver.getSessionId());28        driver.quit();29    }30}

Automation Testing Tutorials

Learn to execute automation testing from scratch with LambdaTest Learning Hub. Right from setting up the prerequisites to run your first automation test, to following best practices and diving deeper into advanced test scenarios. LambdaTest Learning Hubs compile a list of step-by-step guides to help you be proficient with different test automation frameworks i.e. Selenium, Cypress, TestNG etc.