How to use byte method of powerpc Package

Best Syzkaller code snippet using powerpc.byte

powerpc_encoding.go

Source:powerpc_encoding.go

2import (3	"encoding/binary"4)5// Register represents a value for a PowerPC register.6type Register byte7const (8	R0 = iota9	R110	R211	R312	R413	R514	R615	R716	R817	R918	R1019	R1120	R1221	R1322	R1423	R1524	R1625	R1726	R1827	R1928	R2029	R2130	R2231	R2332	R2433	R2534	R2635	R2736	R2837	R2938	R3039	R3140)41// SpecialRegister represents a value for a PowerPC register.42type SpecialRegister byte43const (44	// XER represents the integer exception register.45	XER SpecialRegister = 146	// LR represents the link register.47	LR SpecialRegister = 848	// CTR represents the count register.49	CTR SpecialRegister = 950)51// Bits represents bits for a byte.52// If set, considered as 1. If not, 0.53type Bits [8]bool54// getBits returns a usable array of bits for the given byte.55func getBits(in byte) Bits {56	return [8]bool{57		(in>>7)&1 == 1,58		(in>>6)&1 == 1,59		(in>>5)&1 == 1,60		(in>>4)&1 == 1,61		(in>>3)&1 == 1,62		(in>>2)&1 == 1,63		(in>>1)&1 == 1,64		in&1 == 1,65	}66}67// getByte returns the byte represented by these bits.68func (b Bits) getByte() byte {69	var result byte70	for idx, truthy := range b {71		if truthy {72			result |= 1 << (7 - idx)73		}74	}75	return result76}77// EncodeInstrBForm handles encoding a given opcode, BO, BI, BD, AA and LK.78// I-form assumes:79//   - 6 bits for the opcode80//   - 5 bits for BO81//   - 5 bits for BI82//   - 24 bits for BD83//   - 1 bit for absolute (AA)84//   - 1 bit for should store in link register (LK)85func EncodeInstrBForm(opcode byte, BO Register, BI Register, BD [3]byte, AA bool, LK bool) Instruction {86	opBits := getBits(opcode)87	bOBits := getBits(byte(BO))88	bIBits := getBits(byte(BI))89	bDTwo := getBits(BD[1])90	bDThree := getBits(BD[2])91	instr := [4]Bits{92		{93			// We need the upper six bits for our opcode.94			opBits[2], opBits[3], opBits[4], opBits[5], opBits[6], opBits[7],95			// We need the upper five bits for BO and BI.96			bOBits[3], bOBits[4],97		},98		{99			bOBits[5], bOBits[6], bOBits[7], bIBits[3], bIBits[4], bIBits[5], bIBits[6], bIBits[7],100		},101		{102			// We need the upper 14 bits for the destination branch (BD).103			bDTwo[2], bDTwo[3], bDTwo[4], bDTwo[5], bDTwo[6], bDTwo[7], bDThree[0], bDThree[1],104		},105		{106			bDThree[2], bDThree[3], bDThree[4], bDThree[5], bDThree[6], bDThree[7],107			AA,108			LK,109		},110	}111	return Instruction{instr[0].getByte(), instr[1].getByte(), instr[2].getByte(), instr[3].getByte()}112}113// EncodeInstrDForm handles encoding a given opcode, RT, RA and SI.114// D-form assumes:115//  - 6 bits for the opcode116//  - 5 for rT117//  - 5 for rA118//  - 16 for SI119func EncodeInstrDForm(opcode byte, rT Register, rA Register, value uint16) Instruction {120	var instr [2]Bits121	opBits := getBits(opcode)122	rTBits := getBits(byte(rT))123	rABits := getBits(byte(rA))124	instr[0] = Bits{125		// We need the upper six bits for our opcode.126		opBits[2],127		opBits[3],128		opBits[4],129		opBits[5],130		opBits[6],131		opBits[7],132		// Next, the lower two bits for rT.133		rTBits[3],134		rTBits[4],135	}136	instr[1] = Bits{137		// Third, the lower three bits for rT.138		rTBits[5],139		rTBits[6],140		rTBits[7],141		// Finally, all five lowest bits for rA.142		rABits[3],143		rABits[4],144		rABits[5],145		rABits[6],146		rABits[7],147	}148	firstInstr := instr[0].getByte()149	secondInstr := instr[1].getByte()150	valByte := twoByte(value)151	return Instruction{firstInstr, secondInstr, valByte[0], valByte[1]}152}153// EncodeInstrIForm handles encoding a given opcode, LI, AA and LK.154// I-form assumes:155//   - 6 bits for the opcode156//   - 24 bits for LI157//   - 1 bit for absolute (AA)158//   - 1 bit for should store in link register (LK)159func EncodeInstrIForm(opcode byte, LI [3]byte, AA bool, LK bool) Instruction {160	opBits := getBits(opcode)161	liOne := getBits(LI[0])162	liTwo := getBits(LI[1])163	liThree := getBits(LI[2])164	instr := [4]Bits{165		{166			// We need the upper six bits for our opcode.167			opBits[2], opBits[3], opBits[4], opBits[5], opBits[6], opBits[7],168			// Otherwise, copy LI as-is.169			liOne[0], liOne[1],170		},171		{172			liOne[2], liOne[3], liOne[4], liOne[5], liOne[6], liOne[7], liTwo[0], liTwo[1],173		},174		{175			liTwo[2], liTwo[3], liTwo[4], liTwo[5], liTwo[6], liTwo[7], liThree[0], liThree[1],176		},177		{178			liThree[2], liThree[3], liThree[4], liThree[5], liThree[6], liThree[7],179			// Copy AA and LK as-is.180			AA,181			LK,182		},183	}184	return Instruction{instr[0].getByte(), instr[1].getByte(), instr[2].getByte(), instr[3].getByte()}185}186// EncodeInstrXForm handles encoding a given opcode, rS, rA, rB, an extended opcode and rC.187// X-form assumes:188//   - 6 bits for the opcode189//   - 5 bits for rS190//   - 5 bits for rA191//   - 5 bits for rB192//   - 10 bits for XO (extended opcode)193//   - 1 bit for rC (dependent on the condition register)194func EncodeInstrXForm(opcode byte, rS Register, rA Register, rB Register, XO uint16, rC bool) Instruction {195	opBits := getBits(opcode)196	rSBits := getBits(byte(rS))197	rABits := getBits(byte(rA))198	rBBits := getBits(byte(rB))199	extendedOP1 := getBits(twoByte(XO)[0])200	extendedOP2 := getBits(twoByte(XO)[1])201	instr := [4]Bits{202		{203			// We need the upper six bits for our opcode.204			opBits[2], opBits[3], opBits[4], opBits[5], opBits[6], opBits[7],205			// We need the upper five bits for rS, rA and rB.206			rSBits[3], rSBits[4],207		},208		{209			rSBits[5], rSBits[6], rSBits[7], rABits[3], rABits[4], rABits[5], rABits[6], rABits[7],210		},211		{212			// We need the upper 10 bits for the extended opcode.213			rBBits[3], rBBits[4], rBBits[5], rBBits[6], rBBits[7], extendedOP1[6], extendedOP1[7], extendedOP2[0],214		},215		{216			extendedOP2[1], extendedOP2[2], extendedOP2[3], extendedOP2[4], extendedOP2[5], extendedOP2[6], extendedOP2[7], rC,217		},218	}219	return Instruction{instr[0].getByte(), instr[1].getByte(), instr[2].getByte(), instr[3].getByte()}220}221// EncodeInstrXFXForm handles encoding a given opcode, rS, spr, an extended opcode and rC.222// XFX-form assumes:223//   - 6 bits for the opcode224//   - 5 bits for rS225//   - 10 bits for spr (special-purpose register)226//   - 10 bits for XO (extended opcode)227//   - 1 bit for rC (dependent on the condition register)228func EncodeInstrXFXForm(opcode byte, rS Register, spr SpecialRegister, XO uint16, rC bool) Instruction {229	opBits := getBits(opcode)230	rSBits := getBits(byte(rS))231	sprBytes := twoByte(uint16(spr))232	sprBitsOne := getBits(sprBytes[0])233	sprBitsTwo := getBits(sprBytes[1])234	extendedOP1 := getBits(twoByte(XO)[0])235	extendedOP2 := getBits(twoByte(XO)[1])236	instr := [4]Bits{237		{238			// We need the upper six bits for our opcode.239			opBits[2], opBits[3], opBits[4], opBits[5], opBits[6], opBits[7],240			// We need the upper five bits for rS.241			rSBits[3], rSBits[4],242		},243		{244			// We need the upper 10 bits for the spr and extended opcode.245			rSBits[5], rSBits[6], rSBits[7], sprBitsTwo[3], sprBitsTwo[4], sprBitsTwo[5], sprBitsTwo[6], sprBitsTwo[7],246		},247		{248			sprBitsOne[3], sprBitsOne[4], sprBitsOne[5], sprBitsOne[6], sprBitsOne[7], extendedOP1[6], extendedOP1[7], extendedOP2[0],249		},250		{251			extendedOP2[1], extendedOP2[2], extendedOP2[3], extendedOP2[4], extendedOP2[5], extendedOP2[6], extendedOP2[7], rC,252		},253	}254	return Instruction{instr[0].getByte(), instr[1].getByte(), instr[2].getByte(), instr[3].getByte()}255}256// twoByte converts an uint16 to two big-endian bytes.257func twoByte(passed uint16) [2]byte {258	result := make([]byte, 2)259	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(result, passed)260	return [2]byte{result[0], result[1]}261}...

powerpc.go

Source:powerpc.go

1package powerpc2import (3	"encoding/binary"4)5// fourByte returns 4 bytes, suitable for the given length.6func fourByte(value uint32) []byte {7	holder := make([]byte, 4)8	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(holder, value)9	return holder10}11// uint24 returns 3 bytes for an uint24 represented as 4 bytes/an uint32.12func uint24(num uint32) [3]byte {13	if num > 0x00FFFFFF {14		panic("invalid uint24 passed")15	}16	result := fourByte(num)17	return [3]byte{result[1], result[2], result[3]}18}19// Instruction represents a 4-byte PowerPC instruction.20type Instruction [4]byte21// Instructions represents a group of PowerPC instructions.22type Instructions []Instruction23// Bytes returns the represented bytes of these instructions.24//25// As PowerPC has a fixed-width instruction set, the returned26// size will always be in a multiple of four.27func (i Instructions) Bytes() []byte {28	var contents []byte29	for _, instruction := range i {30		contents = append(contents, instruction[:]...)31	}32	return contents33}34// Padding is not an actual instruction - it represents 4 zeros.35var Padding Instruction = [4]byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}36// BLR represents the blr mnemonic on PowerPC.37func BLR() Instruction {38	return [4]byte{0x4E, 0x80, 0x00, 0x20}39}40// CRXOR represents a common use of CRXOR on PowerPC.41// It is equivalent to crxor 4*cr1+eq,4*cr1+eq,4*cr1+eq.42// TODO: actually implement43func CRXOR() Instruction {44	return [4]byte{0x4c, 0xc6, 0x31, 0x82}45}46// ADDI represents the addi PowerPC instruction.47func ADDI(rT Register, rA Register, value uint16) Instruction {48	return EncodeInstrDForm(14, rT, rA, value)49}50// LI represents the li mnemonic on PowerPC.51func LI(rT Register, value uint16) Instruction {52	return ADDI(rT, 0, value)53}54// SUBI represents the subi mnemonic on PowerPC.55// TODO: handle negative values properly?56func SUBI(rT Register, rA Register, value uint16) Instruction {57	return ADDI(rT, 0, -value)58}59// ADDIS represents the addis PowerPC instruction.60func ADDIS(rT Register, rA Register, value uint16) Instruction {61	return EncodeInstrDForm(15, rT, rA, value)62}63// LIS represents the lis mnemonic on PowerPC.64func LIS(rT Register, value uint16) Instruction {65	return ADDIS(rT, 0, value)66}67// OR represents the or PowerPC instruction.68func OR(rS Register, rA Register, rB Register, rC bool) Instruction {69	return EncodeInstrXForm(31, rS, rA, rB, 444, rC)70}71// ORI represents the ori PowerPC instruction.72func ORI(rS Register, rA Register, value uint16) Instruction {73	return EncodeInstrDForm(24, rS, rA, value)74}75// STH represents the sth PowerPC instruction.76func STH(rS Register, offset uint16, rA Register) Instruction {77	return EncodeInstrDForm(44, rS, rA, offset)78}79// EIEIO represents the eieio PowerPC instruction.80func EIEIO() Instruction {81	return EncodeInstrXForm(31, 0, 0, 0, 854, false)82}83// STW represents the stw PowerPC instruction.84func STW(rS Register, offset uint16, rA Register) Instruction {85	return EncodeInstrDForm(36, rS, rA, offset)86}87// STB represents the stb PowerPC instruction.88func STB(rS Register, offset uint16, rA Register) Instruction {89	return EncodeInstrDForm(38, rS, rA, offset)90}91// LWZ represents the lwz PowerPC instruction.92func LWZ(rT Register, offset uint16, rA Register) Instruction {93	return EncodeInstrDForm(32, rT, rA, offset)94}95// NOP represents the nop mnemonic for PowerPC.96func NOP() Instruction {97	return ORI(R0, R0, 0)98}99// CMPWI represents the cmpwi mnemonic for PowerPC.100// It does not support any other CR fields asides from 0.101func CMPWI(rA Register, value uint16) Instruction {102	return EncodeInstrDForm(11, 0, rA, value)103}104// SYNC represents the sync PowerPC instruction.105func SYNC() Instruction {106	return EncodeInstrXForm(31, 0, 0, 0, 598, false)107}108// MTSPR represents the mtspr PowerPC instruction.109func MTSPR(spr SpecialRegister, rS Register) Instruction {110	return EncodeInstrXFXForm(31, rS, spr, 467, false)111}112// MFSPR represents the mfspr PowerPC instruction.113func MFSPR(rS Register, spr SpecialRegister) Instruction {114	return EncodeInstrXFXForm(31, rS, spr, 339, false)115}116// STWU represents the stwu PowerPC instruction.117func STWU(rS Register, rA Register, offset uint16) Instruction {118	return EncodeInstrDForm(37, rS, rA, offset)119}120// calcDestination determines the proper offset from a given121// calling address and target address.122func calcDestination(from uint, target uint) [3]byte {123	offset := target - from124	if offset > 0x00FFFFFF {125		offset = 0x10001 - (uint(int(from) - int(target)))126	}127	// Sign-extend by two bytes128	calc := uint32(offset >> 2)129	return uint24(calc)130}131// BL represents the bl PowerPC instruction.132// It calculates the offset from the given current address and the given133// target address, saving the current address in the link register. It then branches.134func BL(current uint, target uint) Instruction {135	return EncodeInstrIForm(18, calcDestination(current, target), false, true)136}137// B represents the b PowerPC instruction.138// It calculates the offset from the given current address139// and the given target address, and then branches.140func B(current uint, target uint) Instruction {141	return EncodeInstrIForm(18, calcDestination(current, target), false, false)...

main.go

Source:main.go

...14)15// baseDomain holds our needed base domain.16var baseDomain string17// mainDol holds the main DOL - our content at index 1.18var mainDol []byte19// mainArc holds the main ARC - our content at index 2.20var mainArc *arclib.ARC21// rootCertificate holds the public certificate, in DER form, to be patched in.22var rootCertificate []byte23// filePresent returns whether the specified path is present on disk.24func filePresent(path string) bool {25	_, err := os.Stat(path)26	return errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist) == false27}28// createDir creates a directory at the given path if it is not already present.29func createDir(path string) {30	if !filePresent(path) {31		os.Mkdir(path, 0755)32	}33}34func main() {35	if len(os.Args) != 2 {36		fmt.Printf("Usage: %s <base domain>\n", os.Args[0])37		fmt.Println("For more information, please refer to the README.")38		os.Exit(-1)39	}40	baseDomain = os.Args[1]41	if len(baseDomain) > 12 {42		fmt.Println("The given base domain must not exceed 12 characters.")43		fmt.Println("For more information, please refer to the README.")44		os.Exit(-1)45	}46	fmt.Println("===========================")47	fmt.Println("=       WSC-Patcher       =")48	fmt.Println("===========================")49	// Create directories we may need later.50	createDir("./output")51	createDir("./cache")52	var err error53	// Determine whether the Wii Shop Channel is cached.54	if !filePresent("./cache/original.wad") {55		log.Println("Downloading a copy of the original Wii Shop Channel, please wait...")56		var downloadedShop *wadlib.WAD57		downloadedShop, err = GoNUSD.Download(0x00010002_48414241, 21, true)58		check(err)59		// Cache this downloaded WAD to disk.60		var contents []byte61		contents, err = downloadedShop.GetWAD(wadlib.WADTypeCommon)62		check(err)63		os.WriteFile("./cache/original.wad", contents, 0755)64	}65	var originalWad *wadlib.WAD66	originalWad, err = wadlib.LoadWADFromFile("./cache/original.wad")67	check(err)68	// Determine whether a certificate authority was provided, or generated previously.69	if !filePresent("./output/root.cer") {70		fmt.Println(aurora.Green("Generating root certificates..."))71		rootCertificate = createCertificates()72	} else {73		rootCertificate, err = ioutil.ReadFile("./output/root.cer")74		check(err)75	}76	// Ensure the loaded certificate has a suitable length.77	// It must not be longer than 928 bytes.78	if len(rootCertificate) > 928 {79		fmt.Println("The passed root certificate exceeds the maximum length possible, 928 bytes.")80		fmt.Println("Please verify parameters passed for generation and reduce its size.")81		os.Exit(-1)82	}83	// Load main DOL84	mainDol, err = originalWad.GetContent(1)85	check(err)86	// Permit r/w access to MEM2_PROT via the TMD.87	// See docs/patch_overwrite_ios.md for more information!88	originalWad.TMD.AccessRightsFlags = 0x389	// Apply all DOL patches90	fmt.Println(aurora.Green("Applying DOL patches..."))91	applyDefaultPatches()92	// Save main DOL93	err = originalWad.UpdateContent(1, mainDol)94	check(err)95	// Load main ARC96	arcData, err := originalWad.GetContent(2)97	check(err)98	mainArc, err = arclib.Load(arcData)99	check(err)100	// Generate filter list and certificate store101	fmt.Println(aurora.Green("Applying Opera patches..."))102	modifyAllowList()103	generateOperaCertStore()104	// Save main ARC105	updated, err := mainArc.Save()106	check(err)107	err = originalWad.UpdateContent(2, updated)108	check(err)109	// Generate a patched WAD with our changes110	output, err := originalWad.GetWAD(wadlib.WADTypeCommon)111	check(err)112	fmt.Println(aurora.Green("Done! Install ./output/patched.wad, sit back, and enjoy."))113	writeOut("patched.wad", output)114}115// applyDefaultPatches applies the default patches to our main DOL.116func applyDefaultPatches() {117	var err error118	mainDol, err = powerpc.ApplyPatchSet(OverwriteIOSPatch, mainDol)119	check(err)120	mainDol, err = powerpc.ApplyPatchSet(LoadCustomCA(), mainDol)121	check(err)122	mainDol, err = powerpc.ApplyPatchSet(PatchBaseDomain(), mainDol)123	check(err)124	mainDol, err = powerpc.ApplyPatchSet(NegateECTitle, mainDol)125	check(err)126	mainDol, err = powerpc.ApplyPatchSet(PatchECCfgPath, mainDol)127	check(err)128}129// check has an anxiety attack if things go awry.130func check(err error) {131	if err != nil {132		panic(err)133	}134}135// writeOut writes a file with the given name and contents to the output folder.136func writeOut(filename string, contents []byte) {137	os.WriteFile("./output/"+filename, contents, 0755)138}...

byte

Using AI Code Generation

1import (2func main() {3	fmt.Println("x*y*z*a*b =", x*y*z*a*b)4}5import (6func main() {7	fmt.Println("x*y*z*a*b =", x*y*z*a*b)8}9import (10func main() {11	fmt.Println("x*y*z*a*b =", x*y*z*a*b)12}13import (14func main() {15	fmt.Println("x*y*z*a*b =", x*y*z*a*b)16}17import (18func main() {19	fmt.Println("x*y*z*a*b =", x*y*z*a*b)20}21import (22func main() {

byte

Using AI Code Generation

1import (2func main() {3	f, err := os.Open("1.go")4	if err != nil {5		fmt.Println(err)6	}7	defer f.Close()8	fd := f.Fd()9	fi, err := f.Stat()10	if err != nil {11		fmt.Println(err)12	}13	size := fi.Size()14	data, err := syscall.Mmap(int(fd), 0, int(size), syscall.PROT_READ, syscall.MAP_SHARED)15	if err != nil {16		fmt.Println(err)17	}18	defer syscall.Munmap(data)19	fmt.Println(string(data))20}21import (22func main() {23	data, err := ioutil.ReadFile("1.go")24	if err != nil {25		fmt.Println(err)26	}27	fmt.Println(string(data))28}29import (30func main() {31	f, err := os.Open("1.go")32	if err != nil {33		fmt.Println(err)34	}35	defer f.Close()36	f2, err := os.Create("2.go")37	if err != nil {38		fmt.Println(err)39	}40	defer f2.Close()41	n, err := io.CopyN(f2, f, 512)42	if err != nil {43		fmt.Println(err)44	}45	fmt.Println("Number of bytes copied:", n)46}47import (

byte

Using AI Code Generation

1import (2func main() {3	y = x.Byte(z)4	fmt.Println(y)5}6import (7func main() {8	y = x.Word(z)9	fmt.Println(y)10}11import (12func main() {13	y = x.Dword(z)14	fmt.Println(y)15}16import (17func main() {18	y = x.Qword(z)19	fmt.Println(y)20}21import (22func main() {23	y = x.Octa(z)24	fmt.Println(y)25}26import (27func main() {28	y = x.Hexa(z)29	fmt.Println(y)30}31import (32func main() {33	y = x.Setbyte(z)34	fmt.Println(y)35}36import (

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