How to use toString method of io.appium.java_client.AppiumBy class

...154            } catch (Exception e) {155                WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, internalElementLocator, e);156            }157            if (elementText == null || elementText.equals("")){158                elementText = internalElementLocator.toString();159            }160            WebDriverElementActions.passAction(driver, internalElementLocator, elementText.replaceAll("\n", " "), screenshot);161        } else {162            WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, internalElementLocator);163        }164        return this;165    }166    /**167     * Double-Taps an element on a touch-enabled screen168     *169     * @param elementLocator the locator of the webElement under test (By xpath, id,170     *                       selector, name ...etc)171     * @return a self-reference to be used to chain actions172     */173    public TouchActions doubleTap(By elementLocator) {174        By internalElementLocator = elementLocator;175        if (WebDriverElementActions.identifyUniqueElement(driver, internalElementLocator)) {176            // Override current locator with the aiGeneratedElementLocator177            internalElementLocator = WebDriverElementActions.updateLocatorWithAIGeneratedOne(internalElementLocator);178            String elementText = "";179            try {180                elementText = driver.findElement(internalElementLocator).getText();181            } catch (Exception e) {182                // do nothing183            }184            // takes screenshot before clicking the element out of view185            var screenshot = WebDriverElementActions.takeScreenshot(driver, internalElementLocator, "doubleTap", null, true);186            List<List<Object>> attachments = new LinkedList<>();187            attachments.add(screenshot);188            try {189                if (driver instanceof AppiumDriver appiumDriver) {190                    // appium native device191                    (new Actions(driver)).doubleClick(driver.findElement(internalElementLocator)).perform();192//                    (new TouchAction<>((appiumDriver))193//                            .tap(ElementOption.element(driver.findElement(internalElementLocator)))194//                            .tap(ElementOption.element(driver.findElement(internalElementLocator))).perform();195                } else {196                    // regular touch screen device197                    (new org.openqa.selenium.interactions.touch.TouchActions(driver)).doubleTap(driver.findElement(internalElementLocator)).perform();198                }199            } catch (Exception e) {200                WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, internalElementLocator, e);201            }202            if (elementText != null && !elementText.equals("")) {203                WebDriverElementActions.passAction(driver, internalElementLocator, elementText.replaceAll("\n", " "), screenshot);204            } else {205                WebDriverElementActions.passAction(driver, internalElementLocator, attachments);206            }207        } else {208            WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, internalElementLocator);209        }210        return this;211    }212    /**213     * Performs a long-tap on an element to trigger the context menu on a214     * touch-enabled screen215     *216     * @param elementLocator the locator of the webElement under test (By xpath, id,217     *                       selector, name ...etc)218     * @return a self-reference to be used to chain actions219     */220    public TouchActions longTap(By elementLocator) {221        By internalElementLocator = elementLocator;222        if (WebDriverElementActions.identifyUniqueElement(driver, internalElementLocator)) {223            // Override current locator with the aiGeneratedElementLocator224            internalElementLocator = WebDriverElementActions.updateLocatorWithAIGeneratedOne(internalElementLocator);225            String elementText = "";226            try {227                elementText = driver.findElement(internalElementLocator).getText();228            } catch (Exception e) {229                // do nothing230            }231            // takes screenshot before clicking the element out of view232            List<Object> screenshot = WebDriverElementActions.takeScreenshot(driver, internalElementLocator, "longPress", null, true);233            List<List<Object>> attachments = new LinkedList<>();234            attachments.add(screenshot);235            try {236                if (driver instanceof AppiumDriver appiumDriver) {237                    // appium native device238                    new Actions(appiumDriver).clickAndHold(driver.findElement(internalElementLocator)).perform();239                } else {240                    // regular touch screen device241                    (new org.openqa.selenium.interactions.touch.TouchActions(driver)).longPress(driver.findElement(internalElementLocator)).perform();242                }243            } catch (Exception e) {244                WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, internalElementLocator, e);245            }246            if (elementText != null && !elementText.equals("")) {247                WebDriverElementActions.passAction(driver, internalElementLocator, elementText.replaceAll("\n", " "), screenshot);248            } else {249                WebDriverElementActions.passAction(driver, internalElementLocator, attachments);250            }251        } else {252            WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, internalElementLocator);253        }254        return this;255    }256    257    /**258     * Send the currently active app to the background, and return after a certain number of seconds.259     * 260     * @param secondsToSpendInTheBackground number of seconds before returning back to the app261     * @return a self-reference to be used to chain actions262     */263    public TouchActions sendAppToBackground(int secondsToSpendInTheBackground) {264    		if (DriverFactoryHelper.isMobileNativeExecution()) {265                if (driver instanceof AndroidDriver androidDriver){266                    androidDriver.runAppInBackground(Duration.ofSeconds(secondsToSpendInTheBackground));267                }else if (driver instanceof IOSDriver iosDriver){268                    iosDriver.runAppInBackground(Duration.ofSeconds(secondsToSpendInTheBackground));269                }else{270                    WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, null);271                }272                WebDriverElementActions.passAction(driver, null);273            }else {274                WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, null);275    		}276            return this;277    }278    279    /**280     * Send the currently active app to the background and leave the app deactivated.281     * 282     * @return a self-reference to be used to chain actions283     */284    public TouchActions sendAppToBackground() {285    	return sendAppToBackground(-1);286    }287    288    /**289     * Activates an app that has been previously deactivated or sent to the background.290     * 291     * @param appPackageName the full name for the app package that you want to activate. for example [com.apple.Preferences] or [io.appium.android.apis]292     * @return a self-reference to be used to chain actions293     */294    public TouchActions activateAppFromBackground(String appPackageName) {295		if (DriverFactoryHelper.isMobileNativeExecution()) {296            if (driver instanceof AndroidDriver androidDriver){297                androidDriver.activateApp(appPackageName);298            }else if (driver instanceof IOSDriver iosDriver){299                iosDriver.activateApp(appPackageName);300            }else{301                WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, null);302            }303            WebDriverElementActions.passAction(driver, null);304        }else {305            WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, null);306		}307		return this;308    }309    310    /**311     * Close the app which was provided in the capabilities at session creation and quits the session. Then re-Launches the app and restarts the session.312     * 313     * @return a self-reference to be used to chain actions314     */315    @Deprecated(forRemoval = true)316    public TouchActions restartApp() {317		if (DriverFactoryHelper.isMobileNativeExecution()) {318            if (driver instanceof AndroidDriver androidDriver){319                androidDriver.closeApp();320                androidDriver.launchApp();321            }else if (driver instanceof IOSDriver iosDriver){322                iosDriver.closeApp();323                iosDriver.launchApp();324            }else {325                WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, null);326            }327            WebDriverElementActions.passAction(driver, null);328        }else {329	        WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, null);330		}331		return this;332    }333    334    /**335     * Resets the currently running app together with the session.336     * 337     * @return a self-reference to be used to chain actions338     */339    @Deprecated(forRemoval = true)340    public TouchActions resetApp() {341		if (DriverFactoryHelper.isMobileNativeExecution()) {342            if (driver instanceof AndroidDriver androidDriver){343                androidDriver.resetApp();344            }else if (driver instanceof IOSDriver iosDriver){345                iosDriver.resetApp();346            }else {347                WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, null);348            }349            WebDriverElementActions.passAction(driver, null);350        }else {351	        WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, null);352		}353		return this;354    }355    /**356     * Swipes the sourceElement onto the destinationElement on a touch-enabled357     * screen358     *359     * @param sourceElementLocator      the locator of the webElement that needs to360     *                                  be swiped (By xpath, id, selector, name361     *                                  ...etc)362     * @param destinationElementLocator the locator of the webElement that you'll363     *                                  drop the sourceElement on (By xpath, id,364     *                                  selector, name ...etc)365     * @return a self-reference to be used to chain actions366     */367    public TouchActions swipeToElement(By sourceElementLocator, By destinationElementLocator) {368        By internalSourceElementLocator = sourceElementLocator;369        By internalDestinationElementLocator = destinationElementLocator;370        if (WebDriverElementActions.identifyUniqueElement(driver, internalSourceElementLocator)371                && WebDriverElementActions.identifyUniqueElement(driver, internalDestinationElementLocator)) {372            // Override current locator with the aiGeneratedElementLocator373            internalSourceElementLocator = WebDriverElementActions.updateLocatorWithAIGeneratedOne(internalSourceElementLocator);374            internalDestinationElementLocator = WebDriverElementActions.updateLocatorWithAIGeneratedOne(internalDestinationElementLocator);375            WebElement sourceElement = driver.findElement(internalSourceElementLocator);376            WebElement destinationElement = driver.findElement(internalDestinationElementLocator);377            String startLocation = sourceElement.getLocation().toString();378            try {379                if (driver instanceof AppiumDriver appiumDriver) {380                    // appium native device381                    new Actions(appiumDriver).dragAndDrop(sourceElement, destinationElement).perform();382                } else {383                    // regular touch screen device384                    (new org.openqa.selenium.interactions.touch.TouchActions(driver)).clickAndHold(sourceElement).release(destinationElement).perform();385                }386            } catch (Exception e) {387                WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, internalSourceElementLocator, e);388            }389            String endLocation = driver.findElement(internalSourceElementLocator).getLocation().toString();390            String reportMessage = "Start point: " + startLocation + ", End point: " + endLocation;391            if (!endLocation.equals(startLocation)) {392                WebDriverElementActions.passAction(driver, internalSourceElementLocator, reportMessage);393            } else {394                WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, reportMessage, internalSourceElementLocator);395            }396        } else {397            WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, internalSourceElementLocator);398        }399        return this;400    }401    /**402     * Swipes an element with the desired x and y offset. Swiping direction is403     * determined by the positive/negative nature of the offset. Swiping destination404     * is determined by the value of the offset.405     *406     * @param elementLocator the locator of the webElement under test (By xpath, id,407     *                       selector, name ...etc)408     * @param xOffset        the horizontal offset by which the element should be409     *                       swiped. positive value is "right" and negative value is410     *                       "left"411     * @param yOffset        the vertical offset by which the element should be412     *                       swiped. positive value is "down" and negative value is413     *                       "up"414     * @return a self-reference to be used to chain actions415     */416    public TouchActions swipeByOffset(By elementLocator, int xOffset, int yOffset) {417        By internalElementLocator = elementLocator;418        if (WebDriverElementActions.identifyUniqueElement(driver, internalElementLocator)) {419            // Override current locator with the aiGeneratedElementLocator420            internalElementLocator = WebDriverElementActions.updateLocatorWithAIGeneratedOne(internalElementLocator);421            WebElement sourceElement = driver.findElement(internalElementLocator);422            Point elementLocation = sourceElement.getLocation();423            String startLocation = elementLocation.toString();424            try {425                if (driver instanceof AppiumDriver appiumDriver) {426                    // appium native device427                    new Actions(appiumDriver).dragAndDropBy(sourceElement, xOffset, yOffset).perform();428                } else {429                    // regular touch screen device430                    (new org.openqa.selenium.interactions.touch.TouchActions(driver)).clickAndHold(sourceElement).moveByOffset(xOffset, yOffset).release()431                            .perform();432                }433            } catch (Exception e) {434                WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, internalElementLocator, e);435            }436            String endLocation = driver.findElement(internalElementLocator).getLocation().toString();437            String reportMessage = "Start point: " + startLocation + ", End point: " + endLocation;438            if (!endLocation.equals(startLocation)) {439                WebDriverElementActions.passAction(driver, internalElementLocator, reportMessage);440            } else {441                WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, reportMessage, internalElementLocator);442            }443        } else {444            WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, internalElementLocator);445        }446        return this;447    }448    449    /**450     * Attempts to scroll the element into view in case of native mobile elements.451     *452     * @param targetElementLocator the locator of the webElement under test (By xpath, id,453     *                             selector, name ...etc)454     * @param swipeDirection       SwipeDirection.DOWN, UP, RIGHT, or LEFT455     * @return a self-reference to be used to chain actions456     */457    public TouchActions swipeElementIntoView(By targetElementLocator, SwipeDirection swipeDirection) {458        return swipeElementIntoView(null, targetElementLocator, swipeDirection);459    }460    /**461     * Attempts to scroll the element into view in case of native mobile elements.462     *463     * @param targetElementLocator the locator of the webElement under test (By xpath, id,464     *                             selector, name ...etc)465     * @param swipeDirection       SwipeDirection.DOWN, UP, RIGHT, or LEFT466     * @param swipeTechnique		SwipeTechnique.TOUCH_ACTIONS, or UI_SELECTOR467     * @return a self-reference to be used to chain actions468     */469    @Deprecated(forRemoval = true)470    public TouchActions swipeElementIntoView(By targetElementLocator, SwipeDirection swipeDirection, SwipeTechnique swipeTechnique) {471        return swipeElementIntoView(targetElementLocator, swipeDirection, swipeTechnique, 0);472    }473    /**474     * Attempts to scroll the element into view in case of native mobile elements.475     *476     * @param targetElementLocator            the locator of the webElement under test (By xpath, id,477     *                                        selector, name ...etc)478     * @param swipeDirection                  SwipeDirection.DOWN, UP, RIGHT, or LEFT479     * @param swipeTechnique		SwipeTechnique.TOUCH_ACTIONS, or UI_SELECTOR480     * @param scrollableElementInstanceNumber in case of multiple scrollable views, insert the instance number here (starts with 0)481     * @return a self-reference to be used to chain actions482     */483    @Deprecated(forRemoval = true)484    public TouchActions swipeElementIntoView(By targetElementLocator, SwipeDirection swipeDirection, SwipeTechnique swipeTechnique, int scrollableElementInstanceNumber) {485        By internalElementLocator = targetElementLocator;486        internalElementLocator = WebDriverElementActions.updateLocatorWithAIGeneratedOne(internalElementLocator);487        try {488            if (driver instanceof AppiumDriver appiumDriver) {489                // appium native application490                boolean isElementFound = attemptToSwipeElementIntoViewInNativeApp(internalElementLocator, swipeDirection, swipeTechnique, scrollableElementInstanceNumber);491                if (Boolean.FALSE.equals(isElementFound)) {492                    WebDriverElementActions.failAction(appiumDriver, internalElementLocator);493                }494            } else {495                // regular touch screen device496                if (WebDriverElementActions.identifyUniqueElement(driver, internalElementLocator)) {497                    Point elementLocation = driver.findElement(internalElementLocator).getLocation();498                    (new org.openqa.selenium.interactions.touch.TouchActions(driver)).scroll(elementLocation.getX(), elementLocation.getY()).perform();499                } else {500                    WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, internalElementLocator);501                }502            }503            WebDriverElementActions.passAction(driver, internalElementLocator);504        } catch (Exception e) {505            WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, internalElementLocator, e);506        }507        return this;508    }509    //TODO: swipeToEndOfView(SwipeDirection swipeDirection)510    //TODO: waitUntilElementIsNotVisible(String elementReferenceScreenshot)511    /**512     * Waits until a specific element is now visible on the current screen513     * @param elementReferenceScreenshot relative path to the reference image from the local object repository514     * @return a self-reference to be used to chain actions515     */516    public TouchActions waitUntilElementIsVisible(String elementReferenceScreenshot){517        var visualIdentificationObjects = ElementActionsHelper.waitForElementPresence(driver, elementReferenceScreenshot);518        byte[] currentScreenImage = (byte[]) visualIdentificationObjects.get(0);519        byte[] referenceImage = (byte[]) visualIdentificationObjects.get(1);520        List<Integer> coordinates = (List<Integer>) visualIdentificationObjects.get(2);521        // prepare attachments522        var screenshot = ScreenshotManager.prepareImageforReport(currentScreenImage, "waitUntilElementIsVisible - Current Screen Image");523        var referenceScreenshot = ScreenshotManager.prepareImageforReport(referenceImage, "waitUntilElementIsVisible - Reference Screenshot");524        List<List<Object>> attachments = new LinkedList<>();525        attachments.add(referenceScreenshot);526        attachments.add(screenshot);527        if (!Collections.emptyList().equals(coordinates)) {528            WebDriverElementActions.passAction(driver, null, attachments);529        }else{530            WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, "Couldn't find reference element on the current screen. If you can see it in the attached image then kindly consider cropping it and updating your reference image.", null, attachments);531        }532        return this;533    }534    /**535     * Attempts to scroll element into view using the new W3C compliant actions for android and ios and AI for image identification536     * @param elementReferenceScreenshot relative path to the reference image from the local object repository537     * @param swipeDirection                  SwipeDirection.DOWN, UP, RIGHT, or LEFT538     * @return a self-reference to be used to chain actions539     */540    public TouchActions swipeElementIntoView(String elementReferenceScreenshot, SwipeDirection swipeDirection) {541        return swipeElementIntoView(null, elementReferenceScreenshot, swipeDirection);542    }543    /**544     * Attempts to scroll element into view using the new W3C compliant actions for android and ios and AI for image identification545     * @param scrollableElementLocator the locator of the container/view/scrollable webElement that the scroll action will be performed inside546     * @param elementReferenceScreenshot relative path to the reference image from the local object repository547     * @param swipeDirection                  SwipeDirection.DOWN, UP, RIGHT, or LEFT548     * @return a self-reference to be used to chain actions549     */550    public TouchActions swipeElementIntoView(By scrollableElementLocator, String elementReferenceScreenshot, SwipeDirection swipeDirection) {551        By internalScrollableElementLocator = WebDriverElementActions.updateLocatorWithAIGeneratedOne(scrollableElementLocator);552        // Prepare attachments for reporting553        List<List<Object>> attachments = new LinkedList<>();554        if (WebDriverElementActions.identifyUniqueElement(driver, internalScrollableElementLocator)) {555            try {556                if (driver instanceof AppiumDriver appiumDriver) {557                    // appium native application558                    var visualIdentificationObjects = attemptToSwipeElementIntoViewInNativeApp(scrollableElementLocator, elementReferenceScreenshot, swipeDirection);559                    byte[] currentScreenImage = (byte[]) visualIdentificationObjects.get(0);560                    byte[] referenceImage = (byte[]) visualIdentificationObjects.get(1);561                    List<Integer> coordinates = (List<Integer>) visualIdentificationObjects.get(2);562                    // prepare attachments563                    var screenshot = ScreenshotManager.prepareImageforReport(currentScreenImage, "swipeElementIntoView - Current Screen Image");564                    var referenceScreenshot = ScreenshotManager.prepareImageforReport(referenceImage, "swipeElementIntoView - Reference Screenshot");565                    attachments = new LinkedList<>();566                    attachments.add(referenceScreenshot);567                    attachments.add(screenshot);568                    // If coordinates are empty then OpenCV couldn't find the element on screen569                    if (Collections.emptyList().equals(coordinates)) {570                        WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, "Couldn't find reference element on the current screen. If you can see it in the attached image then kindly consider cropping it and updating your reference image.", null, attachments);571                    }572                } else {573                    // Wait for element presence and get the needed data574                    var objects = ElementActionsHelper.waitForElementPresence(driver, elementReferenceScreenshot);575                    byte[] currentScreenImage = (byte[]) objects.get(0);576                    byte[] referenceImage = (byte[]) objects.get(1);577                    List<Integer> coordinates = (List<Integer>) objects.get(2);578                    // prepare attachments579                    var screenshot = ScreenshotManager.prepareImageforReport(currentScreenImage, "swipeElementIntoView - Current Screen Image");580                    var referenceScreenshot = ScreenshotManager.prepareImageforReport(referenceImage, "swipeElementIntoView - Reference Screenshot");581                    attachments = new LinkedList<>();582                    attachments.add(referenceScreenshot);583                    attachments.add(screenshot);584                    // If coordinates are empty then OpenCV couldn't find the element on screen585                    if (Collections.emptyList().equals(coordinates)) {586                        WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, "Couldn't find reference element on the current screen. If you can see it in the attached image then kindly consider cropping it and updating your reference image.", null, attachments);587                    } else {588                        (new org.openqa.selenium.interactions.touch.TouchActions(driver)).scroll(coordinates.get(0), coordinates.get(1)).perform();589                    }590                }591                WebDriverElementActions.passAction(driver, null, attachments);592            } catch (Exception e) {593                WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, "Couldn't find reference element on the current screen. If you can see it in the attached image then kindly consider cropping it and updating your reference image.", null, attachments);594            }595        }else {596            WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, internalScrollableElementLocator);597        }598        return this;599    }600    /**601     * Attempts to scroll element into view using the new W3C compliant actions for android and ios602     * @param scrollableElementLocator the locator of the container/view/scrollable webElement that the scroll action will be performed inside603     * @param targetElementLocator the locator of the webElement that you want to scroll to under test (By xpath, id,604     *                             selector, name ...etc)605     * @param swipeDirection       SwipeDirection.DOWN, UP, RIGHT, or LEFT606     * @return a self-reference to be used to chain actions607     */608    public TouchActions swipeElementIntoView(By scrollableElementLocator, By targetElementLocator, SwipeDirection swipeDirection) {609        By internalScrollableElementLocator = WebDriverElementActions.updateLocatorWithAIGeneratedOne(scrollableElementLocator);610        By internalTargetElementLocator = WebDriverElementActions.updateLocatorWithAIGeneratedOne(targetElementLocator);611        if (WebDriverElementActions.identifyUniqueElement(driver, internalScrollableElementLocator)) {612            try {613                if (driver instanceof AppiumDriver appiumDriver) {614                    // appium native application615                    boolean isElementFound = attemptToSwipeElementIntoViewInNativeApp(scrollableElementLocator, targetElementLocator, swipeDirection);616                    if (Boolean.FALSE.equals(isElementFound)) {617                        WebDriverElementActions.failAction(appiumDriver, internalTargetElementLocator);618                    }619                } else {620                    // regular touch screen device621                    if (WebDriverElementActions.identifyUniqueElement(driver, internalTargetElementLocator)) {622                        Point elementLocation = driver.findElement(internalTargetElementLocator).getLocation();623                        (new org.openqa.selenium.interactions.touch.TouchActions(driver)).scroll(elementLocation.getX(), elementLocation.getY()).perform();624                    } else {625                        WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, internalTargetElementLocator);626                    }627                }628                WebDriverElementActions.passAction(driver, internalTargetElementLocator);629            } catch (Exception e) {630                WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, internalTargetElementLocator, e);631            }632        }else {633            WebDriverElementActions.failAction(driver, internalScrollableElementLocator);634        }635        return this;636    }637    private boolean attemptToSwipeElementIntoViewInNativeApp(By elementLocator, SwipeDirection swipeDirection, SwipeTechnique swipeTechnique, int scrollableElementInstanceNumber) {638        boolean isElementFound = false;639        int attemptsToFindElement = 0;640        String lastPageSourceBeforeSwiping = "";641        do {642            // appium native device643            if (!driver.findElements(elementLocator).isEmpty()644                    && WebDriverElementActions.isElementDisplayed(driver, elementLocator)) {645                // element is already on screen646                isElementFound = true;647                ReportManager.logDiscrete("Element found on screen.");648            } else {649                // for the animated GIF:650                WebDriverElementActions.takeScreenshot(driver, elementLocator, "swipeElementIntoView", null, true);651                lastPageSourceBeforeSwiping = driver.getPageSource();652                switch (swipeTechnique) {653                    case W3C_ACTIONS -> attemptW3cCompliantActionsScroll(swipeDirection, null, elementLocator);654                    case UI_SELECTOR -> attemptUISelectorScroll(swipeDirection, scrollableElementInstanceNumber);655                }656                attemptsToFindElement++;657            }658            //attempting to change scrolling method if page source was not changed659            if (lastPageSourceBeforeSwiping.equals(driver.getPageSource())){660                if (swipeTechnique.equals(SwipeTechnique.W3C_ACTIONS)){661                    swipeTechnique = SwipeTechnique.UI_SELECTOR;662                }else{663                    swipeTechnique = SwipeTechnique.W3C_ACTIONS;664                }665            }666        } while (Boolean.FALSE.equals(isElementFound) && attemptsToFindElement < DEFAULT_NUMBER_OF_ATTEMPTS_TO_SCROLL_TO_ELEMENT);667        return isElementFound;668    }669    private List<Object> attemptToSwipeElementIntoViewInNativeApp(By scrollableElementLocator, String targetElementImage, SwipeDirection swipeDirection) {670        boolean isElementFound = false;671        boolean canStillScroll = true;672        var isDiscrete = ReportManagerHelper.getDiscreteLogging();673        ReportManagerHelper.setDiscreteLogging(true);674        List<Object> visualIdentificationObjects;675        // force SHAFT back into the loop even if canStillScroll is false, or ignore it completely for the first 5 scroll attempts676        int blindScrollingAttempts = 0;677        do {678            // appium native device679            // Wait for element presence and get the needed data680            visualIdentificationObjects = ElementActionsHelper.waitForElementPresence(driver, targetElementImage);681            List<Integer> coordinates = (List<Integer>) visualIdentificationObjects.get(2);682            if (!Collections.emptyList().equals(coordinates)) {683                // element is already on screen684                isElementFound = true;685                ReportManager.logDiscrete("Element found on screen.");686            } else {687                // for the animated GIF:688                WebDriverElementActions.takeScreenshot(driver, null, "swipeElementIntoView", null, true);689                canStillScroll = attemptW3cCompliantActionsScroll(swipeDirection, scrollableElementLocator, null);690                blindScrollingAttempts++;691            }692        } while (Boolean.FALSE.equals(isElementFound) && blindScrollingAttempts<DEFAULT_NUMBER_OF_ATTEMPTS_TO_SCROLL_TO_ELEMENT && Boolean.TRUE.equals(canStillScroll));693        ReportManagerHelper.setDiscreteLogging(isDiscrete);694        return visualIdentificationObjects;695    }696    private boolean attemptToSwipeElementIntoViewInNativeApp(By scrollableElementLocator, By targetElementLocator, SwipeDirection swipeDirection) {697        boolean isElementFound = false;698        boolean canStillScroll = true;699        var isDiscrete = ReportManagerHelper.getDiscreteLogging();700        ReportManagerHelper.setDiscreteLogging(true);701        // force SHAFT back into the loop even if canStillScroll is false, or ignore it completely for the first 5 scroll attempts702        int blindScrollingAttempts = 0;703        do {704            // appium native device705            if (!driver.findElements(targetElementLocator).isEmpty()706                    && WebDriverElementActions.isElementDisplayed(driver, targetElementLocator)) {707                // element is already on screen708                isElementFound = true;709                ReportManager.logDiscrete("Element found on screen.");710            } else {711                // for the animated GIF:712                WebDriverElementActions.takeScreenshot(driver, null, "swipeElementIntoView", null, true);713                canStillScroll = attemptW3cCompliantActionsScroll(swipeDirection, scrollableElementLocator, targetElementLocator);714            }715            blindScrollingAttempts++;716        } while (Boolean.FALSE.equals(isElementFound) && blindScrollingAttempts<DEFAULT_NUMBER_OF_ATTEMPTS_TO_SCROLL_TO_ELEMENT && Boolean.TRUE.equals(canStillScroll));717        ReportManagerHelper.setDiscreteLogging(isDiscrete);718        return isElementFound;719    }720    721    private void attemptUISelectorScroll(SwipeDirection swipeDirection, int scrollableElementInstanceNumber) {722    	ReportManager.logDiscrete("Swiping to find Element using UiSelector.");723		int scrollingSpeed = 100;724		String scrollDirection = "Forward";725		ReportManager.logDiscrete("Swiping to find Element using UiSelector.");726		By androidUIAutomator = AppiumBy727				.androidUIAutomator("new UiScrollable(new UiSelector().scrollable(true).instance("728						+ scrollableElementInstanceNumber + ")).scroll" + scrollDirection + "(" + scrollingSpeed + ")");729		WebDriverElementActions.getElementsCount(driver, androidUIAutomator);730    }731    private boolean attemptW3cCompliantActionsScroll(SwipeDirection swipeDirection, By scrollableElementLocator, By targetElementLocator) {732    	var logMessage = "Swiping to find Element using W3C Compliant Actions. SwipeDirection ["+swipeDirection+"]";733        if (targetElementLocator !=null){734            logMessage+= ", TargetElementLocator ["+targetElementLocator+"]";735        }736        if (scrollableElementLocator != null){737            logMessage += ", inside ScrollableElement ["+scrollableElementLocator+"]";738        }739        logMessage += ".";740        ReportManager.logDiscrete(logMessage);741        Dimension screenSize = driver.manage().window().getSize();742        boolean canScrollMore = true;743        var scrollParameters =  new HashMap<>();744        if (scrollableElementLocator!=null) {745            //scrolling inside an element746            Rectangle elementRectangle = driver.findElement(scrollableElementLocator).getRect();747            scrollParameters.putAll(ImmutableMap.of(748                    "height", elementRectangle.getHeight() *90/100749            ));750            //percent 0.5 works for UP/DOWN, optimized to 0.8 to scroll faster and introduced delay 1000ms after every scroll action to increase stability751            switch (swipeDirection){752                case UP -> scrollParameters.putAll(ImmutableMap.of("percent", 0.8, "height", elementRectangle.getHeight() *90/100, "width", elementRectangle.getWidth(), "left", elementRectangle.getX(), "top", elementRectangle.getHeight() - 100));753                case DOWN -> scrollParameters.putAll(ImmutableMap.of("percent", 0.8, "height", elementRectangle.getHeight() *90/100, "width", elementRectangle.getWidth(), "left", elementRectangle.getX(), "top", 100));754                case RIGHT -> scrollParameters.putAll(ImmutableMap.of("percent", 1, "height", elementRectangle.getHeight(), "width", elementRectangle.getWidth()*70/100, "left", 100, "top", elementRectangle.getY()));755                case LEFT -> scrollParameters.putAll(ImmutableMap.of("percent", 1, "height", elementRectangle.getHeight(), "width", elementRectangle.getWidth(), "left", elementRectangle.getX()+(elementRectangle.getWidth() *50/100), "top", elementRectangle.getY()));756            }757        }else{758            //scrolling inside the screen759            scrollParameters.putAll(ImmutableMap.of(760                    "width", screenSize.getWidth(), "height", screenSize.getHeight() *90/100,761                    "percent", 0.8762            ));763            switch (swipeDirection){764                case UP -> scrollParameters.putAll(ImmutableMap.of("left", 0, "top", screenSize.getHeight() - 100));765                case DOWN -> scrollParameters.putAll(ImmutableMap.of("left", 0, "top", 100));766//                case RIGHT -> scrollParameters.putAll(ImmutableMap.of("left", 100, "top", 0));767//                case LEFT -> scrollParameters.putAll(ImmutableMap.of("left", screenSize.getWidth() - 100, "top", 0));768            }769        }770        if (driver instanceof AndroidDriver androidDriver){771            scrollParameters.putAll(ImmutableMap.of(772                    "direction", swipeDirection.toString()773            ));774            canScrollMore = (Boolean) ((JavascriptExecutor) androidDriver).executeScript("mobile: scrollGesture", scrollParameters);775        } else if (driver instanceof IOSDriver iosDriver) {776            scrollParameters.putAll(ImmutableMap.of(777                    "direction", swipeDirection.toString()778            ));779            canScrollMore = (Boolean) ((JavascriptExecutor) iosDriver).executeScript("mobile: scroll", scrollParameters);780        }781        var logMessageAfter = "Attempted to scroll using these parameters: ["+scrollParameters+"]";782        if (canScrollMore){783            logMessageAfter += ", there is still more room to keep scrolling.";784        }else{785            logMessageAfter += ", there is no more room to keep scrolling.";786        }787        try {788            //insert delay for scrolling to finish789            Thread.sleep(1000);790        } catch (InterruptedException e) {791            e.printStackTrace();...

...179        bookshelfAllPage().clickOfflineTab();180        assertBookshelfOfflinePageSelected();181        bookshelfOfflinePage().assertBookDownloadedTitle(bookTitle).equals(getDriver().findElement(AppiumBy.androidUIAutomator("new UiSelector().resourceId(\"com.bokus.play:id/itemView\").index(1).childSelector(new UiSelector().resourceId(\"com.bokus.play:id/textBookTitle\"))")).getText());182        bookshelfOfflinePage().assertDownloaded();183        String sessionID = getDriver().getSessionId().toString();184        //USE JAVA HTTP CLIENT INSTEAD!!! - curl cheat sheet: https://curl.github.io/curl-cheat-sheet/http-sheet.html - https://everything.curl.dev/http/cheatsheet185        //String command = "curl -u \"kevinzhang_vxoIiW:ndt4o19pDheTksDbu2z3\" -H \"Content-Type: application/json\" -d '{\"networkProfile\":\"airplane-mode\"}' -X PUT \"https://api-cloud.browserstack.com/app-automate/sessions/" + sessionID + "/update_network.json\"";186        String[] command = { "curl\s", "-u\s", username + ":" + accessKey, "\s-H\s", "Content-Type: application/json\s", "-d\s", "'{\"networkProfile\":\"airplane-mode\"}'\s", "-X\s", "PUT\s", "https://api-cloud.browserstack.com/app-automate/sessions/", sessionID + "/update_network.json" };187        //String[] command = { "curl ", "-u ", username + ":" + accessKey, " -H " , "Content-Type: application/json ", "-d ", "'{\"networkProfile\":\"airplane-mode\"}' ", "-X ", "PUT ", "https://api-cloud.browserstack.com/app-automate/sessions/", sessionID + "/update_network.json" };188        ProcessBuilder process = new ProcessBuilder(command);189        Process p;190        p = process.start();191        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream()));192        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();193        String line;194        while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {195            builder.append(line);196            builder.append(System.getProperty("line.separator"));197        }198        String result = builder.toString();199        System.out.print(result);200    bookshelfOfflinePage().clickBookTitle("Musikmysteriet");201    assertAudiobookPlayerBookCoverDisplayed();202    audiobookPlayerPage().assertAudioBookPlayed();203    }*/204    @Test205    public void testDownloadWait() {206        loginPremiumAccount();207        assertExplorePageDisplayed();208        explorePage().clickBook();209        assertBookDetailViewDisplayed();210        String bookTitle = bookDetailViewPage().getBookTitle();211        bookDetailViewPage().clickDownloadIndicator();212        bookDetailViewPage().clickBookshelfTab();...

...158    public static class ByAndroidUIAutomator extends AppiumBy.ByAndroidUIAutomator {159        public ByAndroidUIAutomator(String uiautomatorText) {160            super(uiautomatorText);161        }162        @Override public String toString() {163            return "By.AndroidUIAutomator: " + getRemoteParameters().value();164        }165    }166    /**167     * About Android accessibility168     * https://developer.android.com/intl/ru/training/accessibility/accessible-app.html169     * About iOS accessibility170     * https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UIKit/Reference/171     * UIAccessibilityIdentification_Protocol/index.html172     * @deprecated Use {@link AppiumBy.ByAccessibilityId} instead.173     */174    @Deprecated175    public static class ByAccessibilityId extends AppiumBy.ByAccessibilityId {176        public ByAccessibilityId(String accessibilityId) {177            super(accessibilityId);178        }179        @Override public String toString() {180            return "By.AccessibilityId: " + getRemoteParameters().value();181        }182    }183    /**184     * This locator strategy is available in XCUITest Driver mode.185     * See <a href="https://github.com/facebookarchive/WebDriverAgent/wiki/Class-Chain-Queries-Construction-Rules">186     * the documentation</a> for more details187     * @deprecated Use {@link AppiumBy.ByIosClassChain} instead.188     */189    @Deprecated190    public static class ByIosClassChain extends AppiumBy.ByIosClassChain {191        protected ByIosClassChain(String locatorString) {192            super(locatorString);193        }194        @Override public String toString() {195            return "By.IosClassChain: " + getRemoteParameters().value();196        }197    }198    /**199     * This locator strategy is only available in Espresso Driver mode.200     * See <a href="http://appium.io/docs/en/writing-running-appium/android/espresso-datamatcher-selector/">201     * the documentation</a> for more details202     * @deprecated Use {@link AppiumBy.ByAndroidDataMatcher} instead.203     */204    @Deprecated205    public static class ByAndroidDataMatcher extends AppiumBy.ByAndroidDataMatcher {206        protected ByAndroidDataMatcher(String locatorString) {207            super(locatorString);208        }209        @Override public String toString() {210            return "By.AndroidDataMatcher: " + getRemoteParameters().value();211        }212    }213    /**214     * This locator strategy is only available in Espresso Driver mode.215     * See <a href="http://appium.io/docs/en/writing-running-appium/android/espresso-datamatcher-selector/">216     * the documentation</a> for more details217     * @deprecated Use {@link AppiumBy.ByAndroidViewMatcher} instead.218     */219    @Deprecated220    public static class ByAndroidViewMatcher extends AppiumBy.ByAndroidViewMatcher {221        protected ByAndroidViewMatcher(String locatorString) {222            super(locatorString);223        }224        @Override public String toString() {225            return "By.AndroidViewMatcher: " + getRemoteParameters().value();226        }227    }228    /**229     * This locator strategy is available in XCUITest Driver mode.230     * @deprecated Use {@link AppiumBy.ByIosNsPredicate} instead.231     */232    @Deprecated233    public static class ByIosNsPredicate extends AppiumBy.ByIosNsPredicate {234        protected ByIosNsPredicate(String locatorString) {235            super(locatorString);236        }237        @Override public String toString() {238            return "By.IosNsPredicate: " + getRemoteParameters().value();239        }240    }241    /**242     * The Windows UIAutomation selector.243     * @deprecated Not supported on the server side.244     */245    @Deprecated246    public static class ByWindowsAutomation extends MobileBy implements Serializable {247        protected ByWindowsAutomation(String locatorString) {248            super("-windows uiautomation", locatorString, "windowsAutomation");249        }250        @Override public String toString() {251            return "By.windowsAutomation: " + getRemoteParameters().value();252        }253    }254    /**255     * This locator strategy is available only if OpenCV libraries and256     * NodeJS bindings are installed on the server machine.257     * @deprecated Use {@link AppiumBy.ByImage} instead.258     */259    @Deprecated260    public static class ByImage extends AppiumBy.ByImage {261        protected ByImage(String b64Template) {262            super(b64Template);263        }264        @Override public String toString() {265            return "By.Image: " + getRemoteParameters().value();266        }267    }268    /**269     * This type of locator requires the use of the 'customFindModules' capability and a270     * separately-installed element finding plugin.271     * @deprecated Use {@link AppiumBy.ByCustom} instead.272     */273    @Deprecated274    public static class ByCustom extends AppiumBy.ByCustom {275        protected ByCustom(String selector) {276            super(selector);277        }278        @Override public String toString() {279            return "By.Custom: " + getRemoteParameters().value();280        }281    }282    /**283     * This locator strategy is available in Espresso Driver mode.284     * @deprecated Use {@link AppiumBy.ByAndroidViewTag} instead.285     */286    @Deprecated287    public static class ByAndroidViewTag extends AppiumBy.ByAndroidViewTag {288        public ByAndroidViewTag(String tag) {289            super(tag);290        }291        @Override public String toString() {292            return "By.AndroidViewTag: " + getRemoteParameters().value();293        }294    }295}...

...35    }36    @Override public WebElement findElement(SearchContext context) {37        return context.findElement(this);38    }39    @Override public String toString() {40        return String.format("%s.%s: %s", AppiumBy.class.getSimpleName(), locatorName, remoteParameters.value());41    }42    /**43     * About Android accessibility44     * https://developer.android.com/intl/ru/training/accessibility/accessible-app.html45     * About iOS accessibility46     * https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UIKit/Reference/47     * UIAccessibilityIdentification_Protocol/index.html48     * @param accessibilityId id is a convenient UI automation accessibility Id.49     * @return an instance of {@link AppiumBy.ByAndroidUIAutomator}50     */51    public static By accessibilityId(final String accessibilityId) {52        return new ByAccessibilityId(accessibilityId);53    }...

...66    if (platformKey == null) {67      LOG.error("Locator with key {} is undefined for platform {}.", key, platform);68      return null;69    }70    String type = platformKey.get("type").toString();71    String rawValue = platformKey.get("value").toString();72    LOG.debug("Getting locator {} of type {}", rawValue, type);73    if (type.equalsIgnoreCase(CSS)) {74      return $(By.cssSelector(formatValue(rawValue, params)));75    } else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase(XPATH)) {76      return $(By.xpath(formatValue(rawValue, params)));77    } else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase(ID)) {78      return $(By.id(formatValue(rawValue, params)));79    } else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase(ACCESIBILITY_ID)) {80      return $(AppiumBy.accessibilityId(formatValue(rawValue, params)));81    } else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase(UIAUTOMATOR)) {82      return $(AppiumBy.androidUIAutomator(formatValue(rawValue, params)));83    } else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase(IMAGE)) {84      return $(AppiumBy.image(ImageUtils.getImageAsBase64String(rawValue)));85    } else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase(OPENCV)) {86      return $(87          ByImage.image(88              formatValue(rawValue, params), getThreshold(platformKey), templateMatcher, ocr));89    } else {90      return $(formatValue(rawValue, params));91    }92  }93  /**94   * Get a Selenide collection locator.95   *96   * @param key locator key97   * @param platform platform98   * @param params locator key parameters99   * @return {@link ElementsCollection}100   */101  public ElementsCollection getCollectionLocator(String key, Platform platform, Object... params) {102    Map<String, Object> platformKey = getRawLocator(key, platform, params);103    String type = platformKey.get("type").toString();104    String rawValue = platformKey.get("value").toString();105    if (type.equalsIgnoreCase(CSS)) {106      return $$(By.cssSelector(formatValue(rawValue, params)));107    } else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase(XPATH)) {108      return $$(By.xpath(formatValue(rawValue, params)));109    } else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase(ID)) {110      return $$(By.id(formatValue(rawValue, params)));111    } else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase(ACCESIBILITY_ID)) {112      return $$(AppiumBy.accessibilityId(formatValue(rawValue, params)));113    } else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase(UIAUTOMATOR)) {114      return $$(AppiumBy.androidUIAutomator(formatValue(rawValue, params)));115    } else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase(IMAGE)) {116      return $$(AppiumBy.image(ImageUtils.getImageAsBase64String(rawValue)));117    } else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase(OPENCV)) {118      return $$(119          ByImage.image(120              formatValue(rawValue, params), getThreshold(platformKey), templateMatcher, ocr));121    } else {122      return $$(formatValue(rawValue, params));123    }124  }125  /**126   * Get the raw locator (type and value). This is exposed for logging purposes.127   *128   * @param key locator key129   * @param platform platform130   * @param params locator key parameters131   * @return {@link Pair}132   */133  public Map<String, Object> getRawLocator(String key, Platform platform, Object... params) {134    return map.get(key).get(platform.getPlatformName());135  }136  /**137   * @param platform {@link Platform}138   * @return a map of all UI locators specified for the given platform139   */140  public Map<String, Pair<String, String>> getLocatorsForPlatform(Platform platform) {141    Map<String, Pair<String, String>> result = new HashMap<>();142    for (Map.Entry<String, Map<String, Map<String, Object>>> entry : map.entrySet()) {143      Map<String, Object> tuple = entry.getValue().get(platform.getPlatformName());144      if (tuple != null) {145        result.put(146            entry.getKey(),147            Pair.of(148                tuple.get("type").toString(), replacePlaceholders(tuple.get("value").toString())));149      }150    }151    return result;152  }153  protected String formatValue(String rawValue, Object... params) {154    if (rawValue == null) {155      return null;156    }157    return String.format(replacePlaceholders(rawValue), params);158  }159  protected String replacePlaceholders(String rawValue) {160    if (rawValue == null) {161      return null;162    }163    Matcher matcher = PLACEHOLDER_PATTERN.matcher(rawValue);164    StringBuffer strBuffer = new StringBuffer();165    while (matcher.find()) {166      matcher.appendReplacement(strBuffer, staticPlaceholders.get(matcher.group(1)).toString());167    }168    matcher.appendTail(strBuffer);169    return strBuffer.toString();170  }171  private double getThreshold(Map<String, ?> platformKey) {172    try {173      return (double) platformKey.get("threshold");174    } catch (Exception e) {175      LOG.warn(176          "Invalid or no threshold value {}. Using default: {}",177          platformKey.get("threshold"),178          ByImage.DEFAULT_THRESHOLD);179    }180    return ByImage.DEFAULT_THRESHOLD;181  }182}...

...123    private static String getValue(Annotation annotation, Strategies strategy) {124        try {125            Method m = annotation.getClass()126                .getMethod(strategy.valueName, AppiumByBuilder.DEFAULT_ANNOTATION_METHOD_ARGUMENTS);127            return m.invoke(annotation).toString();128        } catch (NoSuchMethodException129                | SecurityException130                | IllegalAccessException131                | IllegalArgumentException132                | InvocationTargetException e) {133            throw new RuntimeException(e);134        }135    }136    String returnValueName() {137        return valueName;138    }139    By getBy(Annotation annotation) {140        return null;141    }...

...29        WebElement element = driver.findElement(AppiumBy.androidUIAutomator("new UiScrollable(" +30                "new UiSelector().scrollable(true).className(\"androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView\"))" +31                ".setAsHorizontalList().scrollIntoView(new UiSelector().className(\"android.widget.TextView\")" +32                ".text(\"" + playbackSpeed + "\"))"));33        String speedText = speed.toString().replace("x", "");34        if (!speedText.equals(playbackSpeed)) {35            element.findElement(By.xpath("//android.widget.TextView[@text='" + playbackSpeed + "']")).click();36        }37    }38}...

1By element = AppiumBy.toString("new UiSelector().text(\"New\")");2By element = MobileBy.toString("new UiSelector().text(\"New\")");3By element = AppiumBy.findBy("new UiSelector().text(\"New\")");4By element = MobileBy.findBy("new UiSelector().text(\"New\")");5By element = AppiumBy.findBy("new UiSelector().text(\"New\")");6By element = MobileBy.findBy("new UiSelector().text(\"New\")");7By element = AppiumBy.findIosUIAutomation("new UiSelector().text(\"New\")");8By element = MobileBy.findIosUIAutomation("new UiSelector().text(\"New\")");9By element = AppiumBy.findAndroidUIAutomator("new UiSelector().text(\"New\")");10By element = MobileBy.findAndroidUIAutomator("new UiSelector().text(\"New\")");11By element = AppiumBy.findAccessibilityId("new UiSelector().text(\"New\")");12By element = MobileBy.findAccessibilityId("new UiSelector().text(\"New\")");

1import org.openqa.selenium.By;2import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;3import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;4import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;5import org.testng.annotations.Test;6import io.appium.java_client.MobileElement;7import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver;8import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidElement;9import io.appium.java_client.remote.MobileCapabilityType;10public class AppiumBy extends Base {11    public void testAppiumBy() throws Exception {12        AndroidDriver<AndroidElement> driver = capabilities();13        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);14        driver.findElementByAndroidUIAutomator("text(\"Views\")").click();15        driver.findElementByAndroidUIAutomator("text(\"Expandable Lists\")").click();16        driver.findElementByAndroidUIAutomator("text(\"1. Custom Adapter\")").click();17        driver.findElementByAndroidUIAutomator("text(\"People Names\")").click();18        driver.findElementByAndroidUIAutomator("text(\"Sample menu\")").click();19        driver.findElementByAndroidUIAutomator("text(\"Sample action\")").click();20        driver.findElementByAndroidUIAutomator("text(\"OK\")").click();21        driver.findElementByAndroidUIAutomator("text(\"Sample action\")").click();22        driver.findElementByAndroidUIAutomator("text(\"OK\")").click();23        driver.findElementByAndroidUIAutomator("text(\"Sample action\")").click();24        driver.findElementByAndroidUIAutomator("text(\"OK\")").click();

1By by = AppiumBy.toString("id=android:id/text1");2System.out.println(by.toString());3By by = AppiumBy.ByAndroidUIAutomator.toString("new UiSelector().text(\"Views\")");4System.out.println(by.toString());5By by = AppiumBy.ByIosUIAutomation.toString("UIAButton[name=\"Buttons\"]");6System.out.println(by.toString());7By by = MobileBy.toString("id=android:id/text1");8System.out.println(by.toString());9By by = MobileBy.ByAndroidUIAutomator.toString("new UiSelector().text(\"Views\")");10System.out.println(by.toString());11By by = MobileBy.ByIosUIAutomation.toString("UIAButton[name=\"Buttons\"]");12System.out.println(by.toString());13By by = MobileBy.AccessibilityId.toString("AccessibilityId");14System.out.println(by.toString());15By by = MobileBy.AndroidUIAutomator.toString("AndroidUIAutomator");16System.out.println(by.toString());17By by = MobileBy.IosUIAutomation.toString("IosUIAutomation");18System.out.println(by.toString());19By by = MobileBy.Id.toString("Id");20System.out.println(by.toString());21By by = MobileBy.Name.toString("Name");22System.out.println(by.toString());23By by = MobileBy.XPath.toString("XPath");24System.out.println(by.toString());

1System.out.println(by.toString());2System.out.println(by.toString());3System.out.println(by.toString());4System.out.println(by.toString());5System.out.println(by.toString());6System.out.println(by.toString());7System.out.println(by.toString());8System.out.println(by.toString());9System.out.println(by.toString());10System.out.println(by.toString());

1System.out.println(by.toString());2System.out.println(by.toString());3System.out.println(by.toString());4System.out.println(by.toString());5System.out.println(by.toString());6System.out.println(by.toString());7System.out.println(by.toString());8System.out.println(by.toString());9System.out.println(by.toString());

1System.out.println("The value of By object is: " + by.toString());2System.out.println("The value of By object is: " + by.toString());3System.out.println("The value of By object is: " + by.toString());4System.out.println("The value of By object is: " + by.toString());5System.out.println("The value of By object is: " + by.toString());6System.out.println("The value of By object is: " + by.toString());7System.out.println("The value of By object is: " + by.toString());8System.out.println("The value of By object is: " + by.toString());9System.out.println("The value of By object is: " + by.toString());10System.out.println("The value of By object is: " + by.toString());