How to use window_handles method of Selenium.WebDriver.Remote Package

...26        compliant_on browser: :firefox do27          sleep 128        end29      end30      let(:new_window) { driver.window_handles.find { |handle| handle != driver.window_handle } }31      # Safari is using GET instead of POST (W3C vs JWP)32      not_compliant_on browser: :safari do33        # Server - https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues/179534        not_compliant_on driver: :remote, browser: :edge do35          it 'should find the active element' do36            driver.navigate.to url_for('xhtmlTest.html')37            expect(driver.switch_to.active_element).to be_an_instance_of(WebDriver::Element)38          end39        end40      end41      # Doesn't switch to frame by id directly42      not_compliant_on browser: :safari do43        it 'should switch to a frame directly' do44          driver.navigate.to url_for('iframes.html')45          driver.switch_to.frame('iframe1')46          expect(driver.find_element(name: 'login')).to be_kind_of(WebDriver::Element)47        end48      end49      it 'should switch to a frame by Element' do50        driver.navigate.to url_for('iframes.html')51        iframe = driver.find_element(tag_name: 'iframe')52        driver.switch_to.frame(iframe)53        expect(driver.find_element(name: 'login')).to be_kind_of(WebDriver::Element)54      end55      not_compliant_on browser: :phantomjs do56        it 'should switch to parent frame' do57          driver.navigate.to url_for('iframes.html')58          iframe = driver.find_element(tag_name: 'iframe')59          driver.switch_to.frame(iframe)60          expect(driver.find_element(name: 'login')).to be_kind_of(WebDriver::Element)61          driver.switch_to.parent_frame62          expect(driver.find_element(id: 'iframe_page_heading')).to be_kind_of(WebDriver::Element)63        end64      end65      # Safari Note - Ensure Popup Blocker turned off to prevent failures66      it 'should switch to a window and back when given a block' do67        driver.navigate.to url_for('xhtmlTest.html')68        driver.find_element(link: 'Open new window').click69        wait.until { driver.window_handles.size == 2 }70        expect(driver.title).to eq('XHTML Test Page')71        driver.switch_to.window(new_window) do72          wait.until { driver.title == 'We Arrive Here' }73        end74        wait.until { driver.title == 'XHTML Test Page' }75      end76      not_compliant_on browser: :safari do77        it 'should handle exceptions inside the block' do78          driver.navigate.to url_for('xhtmlTest.html')79          driver.find_element(link: 'Open new window').click80          wait.until { driver.window_handles.size == 2 }81          expect(driver.title).to eq('XHTML Test Page')82          expect do83            driver.switch_to.window(new_window) { raise 'foo' }84          end.to raise_error(RuntimeError, 'foo')85          expect(driver.title).to eq('XHTML Test Page')86        end87      end88      # Safari does not want to click that link89      not_compliant_on browser: :safari do90        it 'should switch to a window without a block' do91          driver.navigate.to url_for('xhtmlTest.html')92          driver.find_element(link: 'Open new window').click93          wait.until { driver.window_handles.size == 2 }94          expect(driver.title).to eq('XHTML Test Page')95          driver.switch_to.window(new_window)96          expect(driver.title).to eq('We Arrive Here')97        end98      end99      # Safari does not want to click that link100      not_compliant_on browser: :safari do101        it 'should use the original window if the block closes the popup' do102          driver.navigate.to url_for('xhtmlTest.html')103          driver.find_element(link: 'Open new window').click104          wait.until { driver.window_handles.size == 2 }105          expect(driver.title).to eq('XHTML Test Page')106          driver.switch_to.window(new_window) do107            wait.until { driver.title == 'We Arrive Here' }108            driver.close109          end110          expect(driver.current_url).to include('xhtmlTest.html')111          expect(driver.title).to eq('XHTML Test Page')112        end113      end114      not_compliant_on browser: [:ie, :safari] do115        context 'with more than two windows' do116          it 'should close current window when more than two windows exist' do117            driver.navigate.to url_for('xhtmlTest.html')118            wait_for_element(link: 'Create a new anonymous window')119            driver.find_element(link: 'Create a new anonymous window').click120            wait.until { driver.window_handles.size == 2 }121            driver.find_element(link: 'Open new window').click122            wait.until { driver.window_handles.size == 3 }123            driver.switch_to.window(driver.window_handle) { driver.close }124            expect(driver.window_handles.size).to eq 2125          end126          it 'should close another window when more than two windows exist' do127            driver.navigate.to url_for('xhtmlTest.html')128            wait_for_element(link: 'Create a new anonymous window')129            driver.find_element(link: 'Create a new anonymous window').click130            wait.until { driver.window_handles.size == 2 }131            driver.find_element(link: 'Open new window').click132            wait.until { driver.window_handles.size == 3 }133            window_to_close = driver.window_handles.last134            driver.switch_to.window(window_to_close) { driver.close }135            expect(driver.window_handles.size).to eq 2136          end137          it 'should iterate over open windows when current window is not closed' do138            driver.navigate.to url_for('xhtmlTest.html')139            wait_for_element(link: 'Create a new anonymous window')140            driver.find_element(link: 'Create a new anonymous window').click141            wait.until { driver.window_handles.size == 2 }142            driver.find_element(link: 'Open new window').click143            wait.until { driver.window_handles.size == 3 }144            titles = {}145            driver.window_handles.each do |wh|146              driver.switch_to.window(wh) { titles[driver.title] = wh }147            end148            handle = titles['We Arrive Here']149            driver.switch_to.window(handle)150            expect(driver.title).to eq('We Arrive Here')151          end152          # https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues/3339153          not_compliant_on driver: :remote do154            it 'should iterate over open windows when current window is closed' do155              driver.navigate.to url_for('xhtmlTest.html')156              wait_for_element(link: 'Create a new anonymous window')157              driver.find_element(link: 'Create a new anonymous window').click158              wait.until { driver.window_handles.size == 2 }159              driver.find_element(link: 'Open new window').click160              wait.until { driver.window_handles.size == 3 }161              driver.close162              titles = {}163              driver.window_handles.each do |wh|164                driver.switch_to.window(wh) { titles[driver.title] = wh }165              end166              handle = titles['We Arrive Here']167              driver.switch_to.window(handle)168              expect(driver.title).to eq('We Arrive Here')169            end170          end171        end172      end173      not_compliant_on browser: :safari do174        # https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues/3339175        not_compliant_on driver: :remote do176          it 'should switch to a window and execute a block when current window is closed' do177            driver.navigate.to url_for('xhtmlTest.html')178            driver.find_element(link: 'Open new window').click179            wait.until { driver.window_handles.size == 2 }180            driver.switch_to.window(new_window)181            wait.until { driver.title == 'We Arrive Here' }182            driver.close183            driver.switch_to.window(driver.window_handles.first) do184              wait.until { driver.title == 'XHTML Test Page' }185            end186            expect(driver.title).to eq('XHTML Test Page')187          end188        end189      end190      it 'should switch to default content' do191        driver.navigate.to url_for('iframes.html')192        driver.switch_to.frame 0193        driver.switch_to.default_content194        driver.find_element(id: 'iframe_page_heading')195      end196      # Edge BUG - https://connect.microsoft.com/IE/feedback/details/1850030197      not_compliant_on browser: :phantomjs do...

...98  def reset!99    # Use instance variable directly so we avoid starting the browser just to reset the session100    return unless @browser101    if firefox? || chrome?102      switch_to_window(window_handles.first)103      window_handles.slice(1..-1).each { |win| close_window(win) }104    end105    navigated = false106    start_time = Capybara::Helpers.monotonic_time107    begin108      unless navigated109        # Only trigger a navigation if we haven't done it already, otherwise it110        # can trigger an endless series of unload modals111        begin112          @browser.manage.delete_all_cookies113          clear_storage114        # rescue Selenium::WebDriver::Error::NoSuchAlertError115        #   # Handle a bug in Firefox/Geckodriver where it thinks it needs an alert modal to exist116        #   # for no good reason117        #   retry118        rescue Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnhandledError # rubocop:disable Lint/HandleExceptions119          # delete_all_cookies fails when we've previously gone120          # to about:blank, so we rescue this error and do nothing121          # instead.122        end123        @browser.navigate.to("about:blank")124      end125      navigated = true126      # Ensure the page is empty and trigger an UnhandledAlertError for any modals that appear during unload127      until find_xpath("/html/body/*").empty?128        raise Capybara::ExpectationNotMet, 'Timed out waiting for Selenium session reset' if (Capybara::Helpers.monotonic_time - start_time) >= 10129        sleep 0.05130      end131    rescue Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnhandledAlertError, Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnexpectedAlertOpenError132      # This error is thrown if an unhandled alert is on the page133      # Firefox appears to automatically dismiss this alert, chrome does not134      # We'll try to accept it135      begin136        @browser.switch_to.alert.accept137        sleep 0.25 # allow time for the modal to be handled138      rescue modal_error139        # The alert is now gone140        if current_url != "about:blank"141          begin142            # If navigation has not occurred attempt again and accept alert143            # since FF may have dismissed the alert at first attempt144            @browser.navigate.to("about:blank")145            sleep 0.1 # slight wait for alert146            @browser.switch_to.alert.accept147          rescue modal_error # rubocop:disable Metrics/BlockNesting, Lint/HandleExceptions148            # alert now gone, should mean navigation happened149          end150        end151      end152      # try cleaning up the browser again153      retry154    end155  end156  def switch_to_frame(frame)157    case frame158    when :top159      @frame_handles[browser.window_handle] = []160      browser.switch_to.default_content161    when :parent162      # would love to use browser.switch_to.parent_frame here163      # but it has an issue if the current frame is removed from within it164      @frame_handles[browser.window_handle].pop165      browser.switch_to.default_content166      @frame_handles[browser.window_handle].each { |fh| browser.switch_to.frame(fh) }167    else168      @frame_handles[browser.window_handle] ||= []169      @frame_handles[browser.window_handle] << frame.native170      browser.switch_to.frame(frame.native)171    end172  end173  def current_window_handle174    browser.window_handle175  end176  def window_size(handle)177    within_given_window(handle) do178      size = browser.manage.window.size179      [size.width, size.height]180    end181  end182  def resize_window_to(handle, width, height)183    within_given_window(handle) do184      # Don't set the size if already set - See https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/issues/643185      if marionette? && (window_size(handle) == [width, height])186        {}187      else188        browser.manage.window.resize_to(width, height)189      end190    end191  end192  def maximize_window(handle)193    within_given_window(handle) do194      browser.manage.window.maximize195    end196    sleep 0.1 # work around for https://code.google.com/p/selenium/issues/detail?id=7405197  end198  def close_window(handle)199    raise ArgumentError, "Not allowed to close the primary window" if handle == window_handles.first200    within_given_window(handle) do201      browser.close202    end203  end204  def window_handles205    browser.window_handles206  end207  def open_new_window208    browser.execute_script('window.open();')209  end210  def switch_to_window(handle)211    browser.switch_to.window handle212  end213  def accept_modal(_type, **options)214    yield if block_given?215    modal = find_modal(options)216    modal.send_keys options[:with] if options[:with]217    message = modal.text218    modal.accept219    message...

...211    # iframe = find(locator)212    @@driver.switch_to.frame(locator)213  end214  def get_tab_handles215    return @@driver.window_handles216  end217  def switch_to_tab(handle)218    puts "in switch to tab"219    @@driver.switch_to.window(handle)220  end221  def switch_to_first_tab()222    puts "in switch to first tab"223    @@driver.switch_to.window(@@driver.window_handles.first)224    window_handle = @@driver.window_handles.first225    return window_handle226  end227  def switch_to_last_tab()228    puts "in switch to last tab"229    # @@driver.action.send_keys(:control + :tab).perform230    @@driver.switch_to.window(@@driver.window_handles.last)231    window_handle = @@driver.window_handles.last232    return window_handle233  end234  def close_tab(handle)235    puts "in close tab"236    @@driver.switch_to.window(handle)237    @@driver.close238  end239  def switch_to_last_window()240    @@driver.switch_to.window(@@driver.window_handles.last)241  end242  def select_menu_item(menu_item_text)243    puts 'in select_menu_item'244    menu_item = {xpath: "//div/a[contains(@class,'menu-item')]/span[contains(text(),'#{menu_item_text}')]"}245    wait_for {displayed? (menu_item)}246    click_on(menu_item)247  end248  def select_from_dropdown(dropdown, dropdown_locator, item)249    puts "In select from dropdown"250    dropdown_loc = find(dropdown)251    click_on(dropdown)252    sleep(3)253    list_item = {xpath: "#{dropdown_locator}ul/li/a[contains(text(),'#{item}')]"}#templatePulldown>span>ul>li254    click_on(list_item)...

1driver.switch_to.window(all_windows[0])2driver.switch_to.window(all_windows[1])3driver.switch_to.window(all_windows[2])4driver.switch_to.window(current_window)

1    @driver.find_element(:name, 'q').send_keys 'Selenium WebDriver'2    @driver.find_element(:name, 'btnG').click3    @driver.find_element(:link_text, 'Selenium WebDriver').click4    @driver.find_element(:link_text, 'Download').click5    assert_equal(2, @driver.window_handles.size)6    @driver.switch_to.window(@driver.window_handles.last)7    assert(@driver.title.include?('Selenium'))8    @driver.switch_to.window(@driver.window_handles.first)9    assert(@driver.title.include?('Google'))10    @driver.find_element(:name, 'q').send_keys 'Selenium WebDriver'11    @driver.find_element(:name, 'btnG').click12    @driver.find_element(:link_text, 'Selenium WebDriver').click13    @driver.find_element(:link_text, 'Download').click14    assert_equal(2, @driver.window_handles.size)15    @driver.switch_to.window(@driver.window_handles.last)16    assert(@driver.title.include?('Selenium'))17    @driver.switch_to.window(@driver.window_handles.first)18    assert(@driver.title.include?('Google'))

1    @driver.find_element(:name, 'q').send_keys 'Selenium WebDriver'2    @driver.find_element(:name, 'btnG').click3    @driver.find_element(:link_text, 'Selenium WebDriver').click4    @driver.find_element(:link_text, 'Download').click5    assert_equal(2, @driver.window_handles.size)6    @driver.switch_to.window(@driver.window_handles.last)7    assert(@driver.title.include?('Selenium'))8    @driver.switch_to.window(@driver.window_handles.first)9    assert(@driver.title.include?('Google'))10    @driver.find_element(:name, 'q').send_keys 'Selenium WebDriver'11    @driver.find_element(:name, 'btnG').click12    @driver.find_element(:link_text, 'Selenium WebDriver').click13    @driver.find_element(:link_text, 'Download').click14    assert_equal(2, @driver.window_handles.size)15    @driver.switch_to.window(@driver.window_handles.last)16    assert(@driver.title.include?('Selenium'))17    @driver.switch_to.window(@driver.window_handles.first)18    assert(@driver.title.include?('Google'))

1driver.find_element(:link_text, "Gmail").click2driver.find_element(:link_text, "Images").click3driver.switch_to.window(window_handles.last)4driver.switch_to.window(window_handles.first)5driver.find_element(:link, "Gmail").click6driver.switch_to.window(windows[1])7driver.switch_to.window(windows[0])

1driver.find_element(:link, "Gmail").click2driver.switch_to.window(windows[1])3driver.switch_to.window(windows[0])

1driver.find_element(:link_text, "Gmail").click2driver.find_element(:link_text, "Sign in").click3driver.find_element(:id, "Email").send_keys "